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Sentinel City® Clinical Activity E School Health
Professional Community Nursing Practice (Nursing 3Qq3)
McMaster University
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Sentinel City® Clinical Activity E: School Health
Overview This clinical activity is focused on exploring the education sector in Sentinel City®. By completing this activity, students will use the comprehensive school health framework to work with the schools in Sentinel City® to promote the health of children and youth.
Learning Objectives ● Recognize the relationship between education and health. ● Identify negative indicators that influence the health of students in school settings. ● Identify factors that support the health of children and youth in school settings. ● Develop a comprehensive school health intervention for schools in Sentinel City®.
Small Group Instructions 1. Review the following resources: a. MacDonald, J., & van Daalen-Smith, C. (2020). School health. In L. Stamler, L, A. Dosani, A. J. Etowa, & C. van Daalen-Smith (Eds .), Community health nursing: A Canadian perspective (5th ed., pp. 331-349). Pearson, Canada. b. Review school health resources on Avenue. c. Review Sentinel City® community assessment from all neighbourhoods. d. Review Public Health Approach to Health Literacy in Sentinel City® Clinical Activity C. 2. Enter Sentinel City® and begin the bus tour. 3. As you tour the city, consider the following: review community assessment from all neighbourhoods and select a population health issue associated with children and youth in Sentinel City® identified in the schools for children and youth (eg. bullying, low HPV vaccination, STDs, smoking). 4. What role can the school setting have on determinants of health? 5. Based on your observations, make two recommendations to the school community that may strengthen the health of students and families, and provide a rationale for each of your recommendations (complete chart below). 6. Develop a school wide health promotion intervention using a Public Health approach to health literacy for students, teachers and parents related to a health concern in partnership with relevant stakeholder in Sentinel City®. 7. Share interventions in conference. 8. If you have questions, contact your tutor.
School Health
Observations related to the schools in Sentinel City®
Two Recommendations to Strengthen the Health in the School Settings in Sentinel City®
Evidence-Based Rationale
Impact or Relationship to Determinants of Health
Didn’t see many kids doing physical activities besides at the park
Some schools use uniforms, are close to playgrounds and churches.
promotion of physical activities: including competitive aspects like competitions. Provide the ability to rent out school physical equipment to address possible financial concerns to reach adequate activity.
Promotion of independence with or without uniforms. If the kids are in a religious school, making sure they know that keeping an open mind and the other available ways of life with respect to the religion in the school as well
Studies from Health Evidence have reviewed literature and studies related to childhood obesity. They said that providing activities and implementing them for longer than 12 weeks can promote longevity in healthy activity.
From the 12 determinants of health: educational opportunities,early childhood experiences and development, crime rates and exposure to violent behaviour, and neighborhood conditions and physical development.
- Bullying among middle school children.
Understanding: providing children with the resources to understand bullying. There are alot of myths around bullying and what it may look like. Knowing where to find resources for the victim, bully and bystanders to help fix the problems.
Validating feelings: Students should know
The bullying Canada website outlines some myths around bullying and this may be creating a gray area as to how students, teachers and parents may be looking at bullying. Defining bullying is explained as making someone scared, uncomfortable or feeling afraid and some may be
Bullying supports in the school system can go under the education and literacy determinant of health. Proper education around this topic and how to deal or cope with it is essential for the development of mental health in adolescents and teens. It can also be looked at as social support and coping
intervention.
Youth: for kids in middle and high school An anti-bullying campaign for youth aged 10 years and older should focus more on the outcomes and consequences of bullying. As youth are more exposed to the internet and social media, a large focus of this presentation should be on cyberbullying and internet safety. Youth may be more engaged if a video or short film is presented, showing the importance of preventing bullying. Proposed culturally sensitive intervention for p arents with evidence-based rationale
Research shows that parents play a role in preventing bullying and therefore it is crucial to involve them in bullying prevention programs (Jantzer, V et. al, 2015). One intervention suggested to parents is setting boundaries for their kids with technology. This can be done by monitoring the activity of children on the computer or cell phone to make sure they are not involved in inappropriate behaviors on social media. Parents can also restrict night time usage of electronic devices to prevent nighttime bullying (American Psychological Association, 2011) Identify 3 community stakeholder in Sentinel City® and describe their role in supporting the recommendations and interventions.
The city mayor should listen to the concerns of the people and advocate to implement different policies and procedures city-wide.
School Teachers can be external stakeholders in schools. They can support the recommendation of effective supervision during recess to notice signs of bullying and stop inappropriate behaviors (RNAO, 2012).
Community health nurses who work with the communities to improve overall health. The topics of focus include mental health services and prevention strategies. For example, public health nurses can design health education campaigns to educate students about mental health issues caused by bullying (Here, 2020). Community health nurses can also educate the community regarding hand washing to prevent spread of upper respiratory illnesses
Comprehensive School Health Framework Identify 3 ways the proposed interventions align with the Comprehensive School Health approach and the roles of the PHN.
- Comprehensive school health focuses on improving nutritional issues, mental health issues, substance abuse and other possible issues in schools. Since bullying affects mental health among children in schools, it is important to address this issue to have overall better health outcomes and improved learning. CSH involves students, teachers, and parents working together to solve issues. One of the recommendations mentioned above includes teacher’s effective supervision during lunch time to notice signs of bullying. This aligns with the CSH approach to improve mental health
(Alberta Health Service, 2017).
- Parents can also be a part of comprehensive school health to improve the overall well being of
their kids. One of the interventions to stop bullying was to include parents in bullying prevention
programs and educate them about setting boundaries for kids with technology to prevent cyber
bullying. Both the school and parents can work together to stop bullying and improve the mental
health of students which results in improved learning outcomes at school (Alberta Health Service, 2017).
3 of the main roles of public health nurses is to prevent the spread of disease and improve
community health outcomes. They do so by providing education, developing programs,
supervising health campaigns and promoting healthy behaviors (Role of Public Health Nurses in
Communicable Disease Control, 2017). In this case, public health nurses can educate the
community regarding hand washing and wearing masks to prevent the spread of upper respiratory illness
Bullying Canada. (2020). Giving Bullied Kids a Brighter Future. bullyingcanada/
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO). (2013). Healthy Schools, Healthy Children: Maximizing the contribution of public health nursing in school settings. file:///Users/ash/Downloads/Healthy%20Schools,%20Healthy%20Children-RNAO %20Community%20Health%20Nurses%20Interest%20Group
Jantzer, V., Haffner, J., Parzer, P., Resch, F., & Kaess, M. (2015). Does parental
monitoring moderate the relationship between bullying and adolescent nonsuicidal self-
injury and suicidal behavior? A community-based self-report study of adolescents in
Germany. BMC public health, 15, 583. doi/10.1186/s12889-015-1940-x
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (2012). Toolkit: Implementation of Best
Practice Guidelines (2nd. ed.)
Alberta Health Service (2017). Comprehensive School Health Approach,
albertahealthservices/assets/info/school/csh/if-sch-csh-comprehensive-
school-health-an-approach-for-building-healthy-school-comm uniti es
Sentinel City® Clinical Activity E School Health
Course: Professional Community Nursing Practice (Nursing 3Qq3)
University: McMaster University
