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Pneumonia Pathophysiology and Care Management
Nursing A (NURS304)
Massasoit Community College
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Pneumonia
1. Define and describe in your OWN WORDS, the pathophysiology of the primary problem of your patient:
Settling of fluid in the lungs causing inflamed alveoli, triggered by infection or aspiration or an
irritant. Infection that inflames air sacs in one or both lungs, which may fill with fluid.
2. How would you explain and teach your patient about the pathophysiology.
Infection of lungs caused by bacteria or virus. Lungs become inflamed causing mucus
build up, making it difficult for oxygen to get into the blood stream.
3. What body system(s) are directly impacted BODY SYSTEM(S): HOW BODY SYSTEM IS AFFECTED(S): Respiratory
Cardiovascular
GI
Cough w/ sputum, rapid shallow breathing, SOB, chest pain worsening w/ deep breath/cough
Increased risk of ACS, arrhythmia, myocarditis, pericarditis, HF, atrial tachycardia or flutter
Nausea, vomiting, fatigue, loss of appetite
- PRIORITY ASSESSMENTS: EXPECTED ABNORMAL ASSESSMENTS: Assess Condition & Vitals
Lung Sounds
SOB, Coughing, dusky and pale skin, Green/Yellow Sputum, Low o2 Sat. Increased RR, Tachycardic, Disoriented, Fever
Crackles & diminished breath sounds, Chest Tightness/Pain
- ABNL. LAB TESTS: HOW LAB TESTS AFFECTED: ABG- Assess oxygenation and acid-base balance
CMP- Evaluate glucose level, electrolyte and fluid balance, kidney function, and liver functions
CBC- Evaluate RBC, WBC, and platelets. Help detect anemia or infections, Monitor progression of COPD
Sputum Cx- detect bacteria & determines antibiotic needed
PFT- Measures lung function and capacity
CXR- Evaluate lung structure and chest cavity
Pulse Ox- Estimates % of hemoglobin in blood carrying o
Low pH, Low PO2, PCO2 High, HCO3 High
Elevated Potassium, BUN & Creatinine
Elevated RBC, WBC, Hgb/Hct
- For Bacteria indicating infection
Decreased lung function, decreased rate of air/gas exchange
Enlarged lungs, air pockets, or a flattened diaphragm
Low o2 Sat
- What medications are most commonly used to manage this problem? MEDICATIONS: MECHANISM OF ACTION (OWN WORDS): Antibiotic- Pending Sputum Cx Results Meds Attached on Med Sheet
Pneumonia Pathophysiology and Care Management
Course: Nursing A (NURS304)
University: Massasoit Community College
