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Hypertension (HTN) - Simple Nursing

Hypertension (HTN) - Simple Nursing
Course

intro nursing (nrn-11)

96 Documents
Students shared 96 documents in this course
Academic year: 2021/2022
Listed bookCampbell Essential Biology
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Riverside City College

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Hypertension Pathophysiology Course Pathophysiology Numbers to know: Hypertension is chronic high blood pressure, which if not treated can cause damage to organs from all that high pounding pressure Brain CVA (stroke risk!) NCLEX TIP Heart MI (heart attack) HF (heart failure) Kidney CKD (Renal failure) Blood vessels Atherosclerosis (scared arteries) Eyes Blindness (Retinopathy NCLEX TIP MEMORY TRICK STAGE 2: (or more) STAGE 1: ELEVATED: OVER (or less) NORMAL: (or less) Signs Symptoms NO SYMPTOMS Silent KILLER A head (Headache) NCLEX TIP B vision (retinopathy) C pain (angina) SEVERE: HTN Crisis OVER Immediate Action: B Beta blockers C CCBs Calms the D Dilators (Vasodilators) E Emergency to ICU! OH LORDY! LOW: (or less) Labs BNP Natriuretic Peptides 100 Less Normal Mild Moderate SEVERE Cholesterol Panel Total Cholesterol 200 Triglycerides 150 LDL Under 100 HDL OVER 40 NOTE: All should be low, except the HDL keep them Causes SODA S Smoking, Sedentary Lifestyle Oral Contraceptives (birth control) (High sodium Cholesterol) Diseases DM, Renal disease, HF, Hyperlipidemia (Over 200) men Age (old) Imaging Echocardiogram measure Ejection fraction (blood pumped out of heart) 55 normal Less than Heart Failure ECG EKG Tall R peaks from the high pumps Side note: 3 BP measurements 1 week apart, confirms diagnosis Pharmacology Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs ABCD inhibitors Lisinopril B C D Nursing Interventions DIET LOW SCC (Sodium, Calories, Cholesterol) REDUCE ALCOHOL CAFFEINE EXERCISE: WALKING (30 min. x 5 STOP SMOKING ALCOHOL STRESS REDUCTION imbalances (LOW sodium, HIGH potassium) ARBS Losartan blockers (slows HR) Atenalol Blocks Beats Caution: 4 Bradycardia (60 or Less) Bottomed out BP Breathing problems (COPD, Asthma) Blood sugar masking (diabetics) channel blockers Calms heart, Controls BP Niphedipine, Cardizem, Verapamil Fluid HCT (caution: Low Eat fruits green leafy) (avoid Salt Substitues) (vasodilators) (Relieves Pressure) Nitroglycerin Pillow (rest relaxed heart) Caution: No Viagra DEATH D AC of the arteries (Anti Clumping) C Caution: Bleeding Lowering Lovastatin Caution: Liver Toxic, NO grapefruit

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Hypertension (HTN) - Simple Nursing

Course: intro nursing (nrn-11)

96 Documents
Students shared 96 documents in this course

University: Riverside City College

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Hypertension
Pathophysiology Course
Numbers to know:
Hypertension is chronic high blood pressure, which if not
treated can cause damage to organs from all that
high pounding pressure
• Brain - CVA (stroke risk!)
• Heart - MI (heart attack) & HF (heart failure)
• Kidney - CKD (Renal failure)
• Blood vessels - Atherosclerosis (scared arteries)
• Eyes - Blindness (Retinopathy
MEMORY TRICK
Pathophysiology
NCLEX TIP
NCLEX TIP
STAGE 2: 140/90 (or more)
STAGE 1: 130-139/80-89
ELEVATED: 120-129/80
(or less)
NORMAL: 120/80 (or less)
LOW: 90/60 (or less)
“NORMAL BP”
Systolic/Diastolic
‘’San/Diego’’
Squeeze/Decompress
OVER
140/90
OH LORDY!
Signs & Symptoms
NO SYMPTOMS = Silent KILLER
NCLEX TIP
A –Achy head (Headache)
B –Blurred vision (retinopathy)
C –Chest pain (angina)
SEVERE: HTN Crisis OVER 180/120
Immediate Action:
• B - Beta blockers “Blocks Beats”
• C - CCBs “C Calms the heart”
• D - Dilators (Vasodilators) “Nitro = Pillow”
• E - Emergency to ICU!
Imaging
• Echocardiogram measure
Ejection fraction (blood pumped out of heart)
55 - 70% = normal
Less than 40% = Heart Failure
• ECG & EKG - Tall R peaks from the high pumps
• Side note: 3 BP measurements - 1 week apart,
confirms diagnosis
Nursing Interventions
DIET LOW SCC (Sodium, Calories, Cholesterol)
REDUCE ALCOHOL & CAFFEINE
EXERCISE: WALKING (30 min. x 5 days/wk)
STOP SMOKING & ALCOHOL
STRESS REDUCTION
BNP - B-type Natriuretic Peptides
• 100 & Less = Normal
• 300+ Mild
• 600+ Moderate
• 900+ SEVERE
Labs
Cholesterol Panel
• Total Cholesterol = 200
• Triglycerides = 150
• LDL = Under 100
• HDL = OVER 40
NOTE: All should be low, except the HDL
“Happy - keep them HIGH”
Pharmacology
Blood Pressure Lowering Drugs ABCD
A–Ace inhibitors -pril Lisinopril
A–Angioedema
C–Cough
E–E+ imbalances (LOW sodium, HIGH potassium)
ARBS “-sartan” Losartan
B–Beta blockers (slows HR) “-lol” Atenalol
Blocks Beats
Caution: 4 B’s
Bradycardia (60 or Less)
Bottomed out BP (80/60)
Breathing problems (COPD, Asthma)
Blood sugar masking (diabetics)
C–Calcium channel blockers
Calms heart, Controls BP
Niphedipine, Cardizem, Verapamil
D–Diuretics
D–Drains Fluid “Diurese”
K+ Wasting–Furosemide & HCT
(caution: Low K+, Eat fruits & green leafy)
K+ Sparing–Spironolactone
(avoid Salt Substitues)
D–Dilators (vasodilators) (Relieves Pressure)
Nitroglycerin = Pillow (rest & relaxed heart)
Caution: No Viagra = DEATH
AC Anti-Clogging of the arteries
A–Antiplatelet (Anti Clumping)
A–ASA
C–Clopidogrel Caution: Bleeding
C–Cholesterol Lowering
Lovastatin “stay clean”
Caution: Liver Toxic, NO grapefruit
Causes
SODA
S –Stress, Smoking, Sedentary Lifestyle
O–Obesity, Oral Contraceptives (birth control)
D–Diet (High sodium & Cholesterol)
Diseases
DM, Renal disease, HF, Hyperlipidemia (Over 200)
A–African men & Age (old)

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