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Bergey’s Manual PDF
Biology II (BIOL 1404 )
Texas Tech University
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Identification flow charts Manual of Determinative Bacteriology All of the unknowns will fall into the following groups in Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (The pink book on the shelf in the laboratory). GROUP 4 Description: Gram Negative, rods and cocci Key differences are: motility, growth requirements, denitrification, morphology, and oxidase, read Genera descriptions Examples: Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Beijerinckia, Acetobacter GROUP 5 Description: Facultatively Anaerobic Gram negative rods Key differences are: growth factors, morph., gram rxn., oxidase rxn., read Genera descriptions Examples: Family Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae GROUP 17 Description: Cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, morph., growth requirements and supplements), read Genera descriptions Examples: Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Lactococcus, Aerococcus GROUP 18 Description: Gram positive rods and cocci Key differences are: oxygen requirements, motility, morph, catalase Examples: Bacillus, Clostridium GROUP 19 Description: Regular, Nonsporlating Gram positive rods Key differences are: morph., oxygen require, catalase Examples: Lactobacillus, Listeria GROUP 20 Description: Irregular, Nonsporlating rods Key differences are: catalase, motility, morph., read Genera descriptions Examples: Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Arthrobacter, Propionibacterium GROUP 21 Description: Weakly Nonsporlating Acid Fast Slender Rods Key differences are: acid fast, growth Examples: Mycobacterium 1 Identification flow charts Differentiation via Gram stains and cell morphology. Gram Stain Morphological Flowchart Some Examples Gram Positive Cocci Bacilli Filamentous Round in clusters tetrads: Staphylococcus Micrococcus Peptococcus Oval shape in Chains: Streptococcus Peptostreptococcus Enterococcus in palisades: Corynebacterium Listeria Erysipelothrix Mycobacterium (Acid Fast) Propionobacterium large, uniform: Bacillus Clostridium Extensive branching: Actinomyces Arachnia Nocardia (partially Branching rudimentry or absent: Erysipelothrix Lactobacillus Eubacterium Streptomyces Gram Negative Cocci Neisseria Veillonella Bacilli Acinetobacter Moraxella Brucella Bordetella Bacteroides Pleomorphic coccobacillary filamentous: Haemophilus Bacteroides Pasteurella Francisella Actinobacillus Eikenella Cardiobacterium Flavobacterium 2 Exaggerated pointed ends: Fusobacterium nucleatum Coiled Streptobacillus Fusobacterium Curved, Vibrio Campylobacter Spirillium Uniformly Bacillary: Enterobacteriaceae Pseudomonas Aeromonas Alcaligenes Chromobacterium Identification flow charts Bacillus spp. ID Flowchart Bacillus spp. B. subtilis B. cereus B. megaterium B. stearothermophilus B. polymyxa B. mycoides B. macerans B. thuringiensis B. macquariensis B. licheniformis B. lentus B. alvei B. anthracis B. alcalophilus B. coagulans B. brevis B. circulans B. firmus B. pantothenticus Starch Hydrolysis (amylase) (add creatine as catalyst reagents) B. subtilis B. cereus B. polymyxa B. mycoides B. thuringiensis B. licheniformis B. alvei B. anthracis B. coagulans (makes insecticidal protein) B. mycoides (round spore, rest are oval) B. popilliae B. pasteurii B. lentimorbus B. azotoformans B. badius B. insolitus B. larvae B. laterosporus VP B. megaterium B. stearothermophilus B. macerans B. pantothenticus B. macquariensis B. lentus B. alcalophilus B. badius B. brevis B. circulans B. popilliae Catalase (spore is not round, rest are) (colony has a rhizoidal appearance) B. azotoformans Swollen Cell Swollen Cell B. stearothermophilus B. megaterium (growth at neg.) (citrate pos.) B. macerans B. pantothenticus B. macquariensis B. lentus B. badius (citrate neg.) B. sphaericus B. pasteurii B. laterosporus (oval spore, rest are round) B. alcalophilus B. brevis B. circulans (Motile It is this one ) B. larvae (gelatinase pos.) B. popilliae (gelatinase neg.) (containing spore) (catalase pos.) B. cereus B. insolitus (acid from glucose) B. marinus (acid from glucose) Nitrate Reduction B. pasteurii B. sphaericus Citrate NaCl Growth B. coagulans B. licheniformis B. subtilis B. insolitus B. laterosporus B. pasteurii B. marinus B. sphaericus B. subtilis B. polymyxa B. lichenifomis B. alvei B. coagulans Citrate B. badius (containing spore) B. thuringiensis B. azotoformans B. larvae B. pasteurii (grows at rest no) (the width) (VP is pos., rest are neg.) B. marinus B. sphaericus B. schlegelii Cell Diamenter ! B. anthracis B. pumilus B. polymyxa (manitol pos.) B. alvei (manitol neg.) B. macerans B. macquariensis B. alcalophilus B. brevis B. circulans B. pantothenticus (acid via arabinose neg.) B. circulans (acid via arabinose pos.) NaCl Growth B. subtilis (no growth at Acid from Arabinose B. coagulans B. licheniformis B. macquariensis (growth at (methyl red pos.) B. brevis (methyl red neg.) 4 B. macerans (gas from glucose pos.) B. alcalophilus (gas from glucose neg., no growth pH 7) B. circulans (gas from glucose neg., growth pH 7) Identification flow charts Gram Positive Cocci ID Flowchart Gram Positive Cocci Catalase Micrococcus spp. Staphylococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. (see Micrococcus spp. Staphylococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. Enterococcus spp. Bile Esculin (growth with esculin hydrolysis) Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Streptococcus spp. Group B Enterococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus hirae Enterococcus mundtii Enterococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. Growth Tellurite Gamma (!) Mannitol Fermentation Hemolysis Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium (mannitol pos., white colony) Staphylococcus spp. Micrococcus spp. Enterococcus hirae (mannitol neg.) Enterococcus mundtii (mannitol pos., yellow colony) Beta Yellow Pigment (Colony) Alpha Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Streptococcus spp. Group B Micrococcus spp. Staphylococcus spp. Pyrrolidonearylamidase (PYR Test) Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus mitis Novobiocin Sensitivity Glucose Fermentation Micrococcus varians Yes Streptococcus pyogenes Group A Staphylococcus epidermidis Micrococcus luteus Streptococcus spp. Group B (Streptococcus agalactiae) No Staphylococcus saprophyticus Optochin Sensitivity Yes Streptococcus pneumoniae 5 No Streptococcus mitis Identification flow charts Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Positive ID Flowchart Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Fermentation Citrobacter diversus Citrobacter freundii Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Enterobacter intermedius Erwinia carotovora Erwinia chrysanthemi Escherichia coli Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae See Lactose Negative Flowchart for Enterobacteriaceae (subsp. ozaenae and pneumoniae) Serratia fonticola Serratia rubidaea Indole The Rest Citrobacter diversus Escherichia coli Erwinia chrysanthemi Klebsiella oxytoca Klebsiella pneumoniae (subsp. pneumoniae) Enterobacter intermedius freundii Serratia fonticola Klebsiella pneumoniae Citrate Enterobacter aerogenes Enterobacter cloacae Enterobacter amnigenus Erwinia carotovora Serratia rubidaea (subsp. ozaenae) Lysine Decarboxylase Citrobacter diversus Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae Serratia rubidaea Enterobacter amnigenus No Pigment (VP neg.) Erwinia chrysanthemi Acid from sorbitol Motile, Red pigment (VP and H2S pos.) (VP pos and H2S neg.) No acid from sorbitol Enterobacter aerogenes H2S Production Klebsiella oxytoca Motile, No pigment ?? Erwinia carotovora Lysine unknown but Gelatinase none above are positive. Citrobacter freundii Serratia fonticola Motility pos. Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae Motility neg. 7 Identification flow charts Family Enterobacteriaceae Lactose Negative ID Flowchart Family Enterobacteriaceae Continued Lactose Negative Flow Chart Edwardsiella tarda Erwinia cacticida Morganella morganii Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri Proteus vulgaris Providencia stuartii Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Edwardsiella tarda Morganella morganii Proteus vulgaris Providencia stuartii Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella spp. (boydii, dysenteriae, flexneri) Shigella sonnei Yersinia enterocolitica Yersinia pestis Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Erwinia cacticida Proteus mirabilis Proteus penneri Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Indole Test Urease ?? Please See to ID: Shigella spp. Proteus mirabilis Yersinia enterocolitica Proteus penneri Erwinia cacticida Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis Ornithine decarb. pos. (boydii, dysenteriae, flexneri) Ornithine decarb. neg., motile H2S Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Ornithine decarb. neg., Edwardsiella tarda Proteus vulgaris Morganella morganii Providencia stuartii Motility Erwinia cacticida Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis (lysine decarb. neg., the rest pos.) Urease Salmonella bongori Salmonella enterica Serratia marcescens Serratia liquefaciens Ornithine Decarboxylase Proteus vulgaris Providencia stuartii Edwardsiella tarda Ornithine Decarboxylase Morganella morganii H2S Salmonella bongori Serratia marcescens Salmonella enterica Serratia liquefaciens KCN growth pos. KCN growth neg. Red pigment No Red pigment (It is this one) 8 Shigella sonnei Yersinia pestis
Bergey’s Manual PDF
Course: Biology II (BIOL 1404 )
University: Texas Tech University
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