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Erikson's Stages of Development Chart psychologycharts
Course: Child Health Competencies (NURS 4055)
109 Documents
Students shared 109 documents in this course
University: Texas Woman's University
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Erikson's Stages of Development Chart
The most widely accepted theory of how human beings develop from infancy to old age is Erik Erikson's
stages of psychosocial development. At each stage, there is a crisis to be resolved and a virtue to be gained. According to the theory, failure to properly
master each step leads to problems in the future.
Age Crisis Virtue Description Freud
Stage 1 0-1 Trust
vs
Mistrust
Hope At this stage babies learn to trust that their parents will meet their
basic needs. If a child's basic needs aren't properly met at this
age, he or she might grow up with a general mistrust of the world.
Oral
Stage 2 2-3 Autonomy
vs
Shame &
Doubt
Will As toddlers, children begin to develop independence and start to
learn that they can do some things on their own (such as going to
the toilet). If a child is not encouraged properly at this age, he or
she might develop shame and doubt about their abilities.
Anal
Stage 3 4-6 Initiative
vs
Guilt
Purpose As preschoolers, children continue to develop more independence
and start to do things of their own initiative. If a child is not able to
take initiative and succeed at appropriate tasks, he or she might
develop guilt over their needs and desires.
Phallic
Stage 4 7-12 Industry
vs
Inferiority
Competence Throughout their school years, children continue to develop self-
confidence through learning new things. If they are not encouraged
and praised properly at this age, they may develop an inferiority
complex.
Latent
Stage 5 13-
19
Identity
vs
Role
Confusion
Fidelity When they reach the teenage years, children start to care about
how they look to others. They start forming their own identity by
experimenting with who they are. If a teenager is unable to
properly develop an identity at this age, his or her role confusion
will probably continue on into adulthood.
Genital
Stage 6 20-
34
Intimacy
vs
Isolation
Love During early adulthood most people fall in love, get married and
start building their own family. If a person is unable to develop
intimacy with others at this age (whether through marriage or close
friendships), they will probably develop feelings of isolation.
Stage 7 35-
65
Generativity
vs
Stagnation
Care This is the longest period of a human's life. It is the stage in which
people are usually working and contributing to society in some way
and perhaps raising their children. If a person does not find proper
ways to be productive during this period, they will probably develop
feelings of stagnation.