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Gold Experience B2 2nd edition answers
Universitat Politècnica de València
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1 Possible answers 1 The activity in the photo shows someone with a backpack, and it looks like she’s been camping in the wild. 1 I think she feels relaxed and free in the countryside. She seems to be enjoying the open space and fresh air. 2 I would enjoy wild camping because I like being in the fresh air. I have done a lot of camping and think it’s fun to cook and live outdoors. It’s also good not to rely on technology for a while. 3 I think for some people they may not like the dark at night and they may not know how to light a fire. I don’t like not having hot water to wash myself every day, but it’s OK if you only camp for a few days. 2 Possible answers 1 I think both activities suit people who enjoy being active and outdoors. 2 I like the idea of the zip wire because I have never done it before. I am not scared of heights and I like sporty activities, so I think I would enjoy it. 3 I think the camping is more challenging because it lasts overnight and you have to live in the wild. It can be tough camping in the wild when the weather is bad and you get very wet and cold. 3 1 E She had a point as we never sign up for anything new. She refers to Sophia who is the person who makes the comment that comes directly before the space. Then, we refers to the three friends. The fact that they never sign up for anything new follows on from the idea that they are always moaning about having a dull life.
4 2 G ‘It hasn’t actually been that difficult’ refers to what is expressed in the previous sentence: ‘We each come up with an activity we enjoy, but that the other two friends haven’t tried before.’ ‘We’ and ‘close friends’ in G refer to ‘we’ in the previous sentence. 3 B ‘Rob doesn’t actually get the part’ refers back to the audition challenge set by Sophia, described earlier in this paragraph; ‘at least he’s brave enough to go through with it’ compares Rob’s bravery in having a go at the difficult challenge with the narrator’s own reaction which was not at all brave, described in the previous three sentences – ‘it’s too overwhelming. I leg it ... I’ve fallen at the first hurdle.’ 4 F ‘it’s not an idea with huge appeal’ refers to wild camping, as described in the previous sentence: ‘not pitching your tent anywhere near a toilet or hot shower’. The writer wouldn’t like having no toilet or hot shower as he is someone who ‘loves his creature comforts’. The following sentence in the blog, ‘But it’s only for one night so I’m willing to give it a go’ contrasts with the narrator’s dislike of these conditions. 5 A ‘Once there’ refers to arriving at the lake mentioned in the previous sentence. The following sentence about how the people enjoyed cooking and chatting by the lake continues and expands on the idea expressed in A: ‘I kind of relax into it and my initial reservations start to disappear’. 6 C Sentence C is a summary of the writer’s overall positive feelings so far about the challenge, and answers the question before it: ‘So is the ‘7 Day Challenge’ a worthwhile experience?’ 5 1 cosy 2 dull 3 nerve-racking 4 overwhelming 5 willing 6 reluctantly 7 pretty 8 worthwhile 9 pigeonhole 10 dismiss
6 Possible answer Tom describes the experience as being an ‘eye opener’ because it has made him realise that some things that he thought weren’t ‘typically him’ were really enjoyable. It has made him realise how you shouldn’t pigeonhole yourself or others, and that you should be more open-minded about trying new things. 7 Possible answers 1 I like to set myself challenges, because I think it’s important to have goals. 2 Trying a new sport, like surfing or mountain climbing would make me feel a bit uncomfortable, because I’ve never done anything like that before, and I think they might be dangerous. 3 I tried riding a motorbike recently. I thought it would be easy, because I know how to ride a bike. But it was completely different, and I realised it will take me a long time before I can ride one properly.
1 1 E 2 F
2 1 ’ve (have) seen 2 ’s (has) been teaching 3 Speaker 1: D Speaker 2: A Speaker 3: B Speaker 4: C 4 1 ’ve sold, ’re moving 2 ’re embarking 3 know 4 depends, don’t 5 don’t do 5 1 Have, had 2 ’s 3 is sending 4 doesn’t feel 5 Has, said 6 call/have called 7 have 8 have been trying 9 has found 10 don’t spend 6 Possible answer We often have a gut feeling when something is wrong, or something bad might happen. I think it’s best to follow these feelings. For example, if you meet someone, and you don’t trust him, then you should trust your instincts instead, even if he’s very well-dressed or polite.
1 1 relieved 2 offended 3 sympathetic 4 petrified 5 determined 6 tense 2 1 determined 2 tense 3 petrified 4 thrilled 5 moved 6 sympathetic 7 relieved 8 offended 3 anxious – tense delighted – thrilled insulted – offended strong-willed – determined terrified – petrified understanding – sympathetic 4 Possible answer I’m quite a strong-willed person. If I know I want to do something, then I’m usually determined to try and achieve it. Sometimes, I get tense or anxious if someone or something tries to stop me. 5 Possible answers take on, turn out, come across 6 Multisensory art exhibitions are exhibitions that try to stimulate all of our senses (touch, sight, hearing, taste and smell). The idea came from a desire to encourage more people, who would normally not go to art galleries, to come and enjoy art. 7 1 are put off 2 have missed out 3 have been trying out 4 add to 5 get across 6 is taking off 8 1 add to 2 have missed out 3 put (you) off 4 are (really) taking off 5 get (your) across
UNIT 1 WAKE UP YOUR SENSES!
9 Possible answers 1 I usually talk with friends. I find that talking about problems is the best way to deal with them. 2 I’m usually sympathetic, and I definitely try to understand what other people are thinking or feeling. The only times I don’t feel sympathetic is when I think someone is in trouble because they’ve been selfish or lazy.
1 Suggested answers
learning to windsurf
talking to a friend
playing the guitar
going shopping
smell sea salt - –
cleaning products, food, etc.
touch hard board / wet water
a friend’s hand
strings, hard guitar
soft clothes, money, etc.
sight birds / blue sky
a friend’s face
musical notes
people, crowds, things to buy
hearing birds / waves
a friend’s voice
music people talking, music in shops taste salt
- –
coffee when having a break
3 Synaesthesia is a medical condition which makes people experience a mixture of feelings from two of their five senses at the same time, for example seeing numbers as colours or experiencing colours as a smell.
4 1 It’s a noun or a noun phrase, because the comes before the gap. 2 noun or noun phrase – There is an indefinite article before the gap. 3 adjective – It’s a word that tells you more about the type of music. 4 plural noun – It’s talking about experiencing something and it must be plural because of the word ‘different’ before the gap. 5 plural noun – It must be a noun, probably connected with people, and it must be plural because of ‘them’. 6 noun – It must be a period of time because of ‘during’. 7 adjective – It’s a word describing the type of subject. 8 adjective – It’s an adjective describing types of painters and composers. 9 adjective – It’s an adjective describing how she feels. 10 noun or noun phrase – It’s an example of something that causes Rachel to lose concentration.
5 1 name (frustratingly, I’ve only recently found out there’s a name for my condition.) 2 magazine article (I was thrilled when I found a magazine article that summed up my own situation exactly.) 3 jazz (I often see bright red and yellow colours when I listen to rock music, but darker colours such as purple when I’m listening to Jazz.) 4 tastes (there are some people who experience different tastes when they hear certain sounds, which must be incredible.) 5 visitors (I used to make visitors laugh when I was younger – I used to enjoy telling them what colour their name was) 6 (early) childhood (experts believe that the condition begins in early childhood)
7 creative (people with synaesthesia are often not as good as our peers at subjects such as maths or science and our sense of direction is often worse too, but we’re very creative.) 8 famous (What I wasn’t aware of was the number of famous artists and musicians such as Van Gogh and Franz Liszt who had the condition) 9 stressed (If I’m feeling relaxed it’s a nice experience, but if I feel very stressed, the sounds and colours feel much stronger.) 10 traffic (Then it’s hard to concentrate when I’m seeing the equivalent of fireworks produced by all the sounds of traffic around me.) 6 1 seminars – a seminar is a meeting in which a group of people discuss a subject (I attended my first university seminar this morning.) 2 approved – to think that someone or something is good, right or suitable (My father never approved of me spending all my time playing football.) 3 have concluded – decide that something is true after doing some research (Scientists have concluded that bilingual children have an advantage over monolingual children.) 4 Apparently – used to say that you have heard that something seems to be true, although you do not have direct knowledge of it (Apparently, listening to classical music can make you more intelligent.) 5 is affected by – to cause a change in someone or something, or to change the situation they are in (My mood is affected by the weather.) 6 gift – a special ability or talent (My sister has a gift for languages.) 7 Possible answers 1 I think sight is my most important sense. I would find it most difficult to live without it. I wouldn’t be able to read, or watch anything. Perhaps smell is the least important. There aren’t many situations where it’s really necessary to smell something. 2 I would like to be able to strengthen my sight, so that I could see in the dark! Then I could read books without turning the light on!
1 1 better 2 most efficiently 3 too difficult 4 as fast 5 more relaxed 6 the funniest 2 Possible answers 1 I can speak English better than my father, who doesn’t speak any English. But my mother is an English teacher, so I’m nowhere near as good as her! 2 I study most efficiently in the evenings, because it’s quiet and there’s no-one around to disturb me. 3 I usually talk to other people in my class. Often, they’re having the same problems as I am. 4 I’m not a very fast runner, so I think I’m the slowest out of all my friends. 5 Usually, listening to music, or just going to sleep is the best way to make me feel less stressed. 6 Marco is the funniest in our class, but sometimes the teacher asks him to be quiet! 3 1 more upset 2 more accurately 3 not as good as 4 finer 5 the most debated 6 as well as 7 better 8 too 4 1 loudly enough for me to 2 was not as strong as 3 thinks more deeply than 4 not interesting enough 5 can cook better than anyone/everyone 6 strangest feeling I have/I’ve ever
2 A review should always give information so that the reader can make a choice, but should also be interesting and engaging to read, and the writer should give their own opinion. In this case, the purpose is to inform other young people about an activity so they can decide whether to do it or not. 3 A review should always be interesting and engaging to read. In this case, the style should be chatty, and informal because it is for a website. 4 A title is a good way to engage the reader’s interest. It should be followed by paragraphs, which would include an introduction, some information, some assessment of the activity and your own opinion or recommendation. 5 Some basic facts about what is being reviewed, plus quite a lot of description and opinion. 6 You should always give your own opinion at the end, and say whether or not you would recommend the activity. 5 1 Yes, because it is written in a chatty, informal style. 2 The writer uses opening rhetorical questions and addresses the reader directly as you. (A rhetorical question is useful for engaging the reader as it makes them think but doesn’t expect them to think of an answer.) 3 Ye s (atmosphere, suitable, levels, abilities, instructor, extremely patient, fantastic, memorable, artistic, etc.).
6 middle-aged (adjective + verb) old-fashioned (adjective + verb) 18-year (number + noun) one-day (number + noun) laid-back (verb + preposition) brightly-lit (adverb + verb) 26-year-old (number + noun) well-known (adverb + adjective)
7 1 worth trying 2 wouldn’t recommend 3 thoroughly 4 not really worth 5 perfect 6 won’t regret 10 Model answer
Why not try ice skating? If you’re looking for a new way to keep fit, and to hang out with friends at the same time, then how about learning to ice skate? And if you think that this is only something you can do in the winter, think again! The new Skate World Ice Rink is the perfect place for beginners or even advanced skaters to have fun. First of all, Skate World is large, with room for about 400 people. So, there’s no need to worry about bumping into other people. If you’re a complete beginner like I was, it’s easy enough to practise without disturbing other people or worrying about anyone else watching you. There’s a real social element to Skate World. If you go as a group, with friends or family, you get a discount. There’s also a great café where you can sit and relax, or watch the really good skaters and examine their technique. Learning to skate is a great way to improve your balance and confidence, and it’s well worth trying, even if you’ve never considered it before.
1 Possible answer
The best food I’ve eaten recently was something my grandfather made. He makes the best version of this dish I’ve ever tasted. They are soft, fluffy and savoury. They’re great on their own or to go on top of something else. They look like clouds and you can eat them really quietly, as there’s no crunch at all. (mashed potato) 2 The sense of taste. 3 1 cold, shiny 2 She says that turkey and egg yolk ‘don’t even have the same texture’.
4 Possible answers Even experienced chefs need more than their sense of taste alone. Cooking involves all of our senses, so only using one of them makes cooking more difficult. Although we prioritise taste in this context, the food’s appearance and other factors contribute to the eating experience.
1 B
2 Peer assessment involves students looking at and assessing each other’s work, rather than just their own. 3 1 independent learners 2 reflect 3 responsible 4 critical 5 strengths and weaknesses 6 each others’ 7 feedback 8 learn more 4 Possible answers Things I have done well are: 1 I have used present tenses well, and accurately. 2 I have been able to describe my experiences and feelings well. Things I should focus on are: 1 listening for specific information. 2 organising a review, and making my opinion clear in a recommendation.
1 1 sense of 2 put off 3 dreadful 4 energetic 5 strong-willed 6 visible 7 confidence 8 accessible 2–3 1 approve 2 cosy 3 willing 4 dull 5 Apparently 6 gift 4 Possible answers It has a similar meaning to boring and can also describe grey, unpleasant weather. (dull) It’s a talent that someone has, for example, being musical or athletic. (gift) It’s a warm feeling, and we often use it to talk about rooms or homes which have a nice, welcoming atmosphere. (cosy)
1 1 goes 2 Has (anyone ever) persuaded 3 ’s (is) thinking 4 ’ve (have) been planning 5 ’s (has), seen 6 Is, burning 2 1 C 2 E 3 A 4 D 5 F 6 B 3 1 haven’t seen Sam for 2 early enough to see 3 weren’t as cheap as 4 has been playing 5 much better than 6 a more confident performer than 4 1 the (a definite article before a superlative adjective) 2 been (past participle to complete the present perfect form – indicating indefinite period in past) 3 than (to complete a comparison) 4 has (to complete the present perfect) 5 more (to make a comparison) 6 since (indicating the start of a period in the past) 7 have (to complete the present perfect) 8 much (an emphasis of degree of comparison) 5 1. She’s trying to persuade Joe to go to her dance club with her. Yes, he agrees to go. 6 1. 1 has been going 2 has 3 better 4 ’s wearing 5 as good as
7 Hi John, How are you? I hope you’re OK. My brother and I are going zorbing on the weekend. Do you know what zorbing is? Basically, you get inside a large, clear plastic ball, and roll down a hill inside it! It sounds crazy, but it’s completely safe, and it’s a lot of fun. Would you like to come? My dad’s going to drive us there. And if three of us go, we get a discount, so it won’t be very expensive. Let me know by this evening, if you want to try it out! See you soon, Katya.
1 1 hasn’t finished 2 have been 3 Does it look 4 cancel 5 ’s saving up 6 cycle 2 1 has been looking forward 2 is, borrowing 3 have, been doing 4 have, woken up 5 are standing 6 have been celebrating
3 1 ’ve (have) tried 2 ’ve (have) been 3 recommend 4 am, enjoying 5 ’ve (have), wanted 6 have, waited 7 feel 8 haven’t regretted 9 has shown 10 ’ve, been looking forward 4 1 most amazing 2 stronger 3 best 4 more powerful 5 further/farther
5 1 too scary for 2 writes more slowly than 3 isn’t warm enough to 4 is as old as 5 can dance better than anyone/everyone 6 further/farther from school than 6 1 taller than 2 darker 3 better than 4 worse 5 higher 6 harder 7 as strong as 8 too sweet 9 the older 10 the better
1 Possible answer
I’ve been to New York City. It’s a really impressive place, with some amazingly tall buildings. On my first day there, I was completely awestruck by how high they were. And everywhere in the city is easily accessible by subway. You can get from one end to the other in about 30 minutes. 2 Possible answers
The job might involve travelling to interesting places, interviewing people, writing articles for online websites. The attractions might be that you get to travel and see interesting places, and meet different people. The difficulties could be that it gets tiring, you have to meet deadlines for submitting articles, you might even get bored waiting around at airports, or sitting on planes, etc.
3 He’s worked in a travel agency, as a research scientist, for an online magazine. Now he is a full-time travel writer. 4 Suggested underlining 1 first (This question is asking to identify the content of first articles he wrote.) A inspired, history lessons B combination, travel and research C published, almost immediately 2 first break (This question is asking about feelings.) A relieved, different ideas B disappointed, took so long C surprised, hadn’t expected 3 start job, travel agency (This question is asking for the reason he started the job.) A learn, demanding clients B a way, meet more travel writers C work, other people 4 worried (This question is asking for the reason he felt worried.) A lack, formal training B certain kinds of writing, more difficult C too much time, social media 5 decide, subject (This question is asking for how he decides what to write about.) A any job, pay well B destinations, interest him C works with his colleagues, exotic places 6 subject, award-winning article (This question is asking about his feelings about his article.) A frustrated, difficulties, location B reluctant, place, secret C irritated, attitude, publisher 7 most important quality (This question is comparing qualities but only one is most important for travel writers.) A love, what they do B desire, best C belief, themselves 1 B I went on a couple of school trips. I realised that visiting new places gave me a real buzz. So I started reading up about the places I’d seen – the history and culture, you know – and then I wrote up my impressions. I didn’t know how to get the articles published, so I kept them on my computer for over a year. 2 C Then finally I sent an article to a local newspaper – and to my amazement it was accepted! 3 C ... but I’m a sociable type of guy and missed having others to bounce ideas off. So during the university vacation, I got a job at a travel agency. 4 A I found that writing about scientific matters bored me! I realised I’d made a mistake, but on the other hand, I had no qualifications in travel writing.
5 B The places that inspire me are largely undiscovered parts of the country. I spend my weekends exploring those, rather than more glamorous venues abroad as my colleagues do! It’s a good idea to become an expert in a certain ‘niche’ area ... 6 B The beach I chose is in a fantastic cove but there are some very steep steps going down to it. Not a place for the faint-hearted! I’d like to have kept it for myself ... 7 A Top of the list, though, is that you need to have passion for the craft of writing. If you are half-hearted, it won’t get you anywhere. 5 1 an idea or opinion of what something or someone is like 2 to tell someone an idea to find out what they think of it 3 a particular type of something 4 to be able to change easily according to the situation 5 the best or most exciting 6 (people) lacking courage or strength
1 Possible answers A the Spanish, the middle classes, the elderly, the police, the military B creativity, music, art, history C a piece of cake, the real thing, on the whole, as an example 3 1 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.) 2 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.) 3 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.) 4 the (the is needed in front of particular groups of people.) 5 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.) 6 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.) 7 the (the is needed in front of a specific case – the beauty of historical architecture) 8 – (No article is needed in front of plural nouns.) 9 the (the is needed in front of a specific case – the ... craziness of New York) 10 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.) 11 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.) 12 an (We use an to talk about one non-specific thing.) 13 – (No article is needed in front of uncountable nouns.) 14 a (We use a to talk about one non-specific thing.) 15 a / the (We could use a or the here, depending on whether we are talking about beaches in general, or a specific beach.) 4 1 the/– 2 the 3 the 4 – 5 – 6 – 7 a 8 – 9 the 10 –
1 1 natural disasters 2 overcrowding, damage to the ecology 2 1 run into 2 natural 3 goal 4 attempt 5 use 6 risks 7 sign 8 mass 9 having 10 cause 11 cope 12 twice 3 There are too many tourists. The city is often flooded. This leads to the erosion of buildings. 4 The answer for question 2 in Exercise 4 is A, cope. The words handle, manage and accept are not followed by the preposition with. They all take an object (e. handle a situation). 1 B – tourist season is a collocation; time doesn’t collocation with tourist. The words group and attraction are collocations with tourist but don’t make sense in the sentence. 2 A – handle, manage and accept are not followed by with. 3 D – tourism is a noun. Mass tourism is a fixed phrase. Although enormous, huge and large have a similar meaning, they don’t collocate with tourism. 4 B – the meaning is ‘earn enough money’ and the collocation with this meaning is make a living; win, take and work don’t create a collocation with a living. 5 C – the meaning is ‘having a bad effect’. The word that completes the collocation is impact.
6 A – the meaning is similar to ‘a good standard of life’. Although value and worth have this idea, they don’t collocate with of life; importance has the wrong meaning. 7 D – the collocation is cause damage. Give and produce don’t collocate, and prevent has the opposite meaning. 8 C – fail, destroy and finish all need to have direct objects. They also don’t have the right meaning.
1 Possible answers
It shows a beach holiday, perhaps in a sunny country like Italy, with several beach umbrellas and sunbeds. People who like this kind of holiday enjoy relaxing near the sea for most of the day, and doing little else except reading or sleeping. 2 1 Where do you like spending your holidays?
(staying in my home town, I can do what I like, lots of things on in the summer, music festivals) 2 What do you like doing during your holidays? (activity, learning a new sport, a language course, met students from all over the world) 3 Where did you go during your last summer holidays? (family holiday to Croatia, fantastic weather, interesting historical sites, beaches were rather crowded) 3 I like staying in my home town during the holidays. Because I don’t have school, I can do what I like every day. There are also lots of things on in the summer, such as music festivals and things like that, so I don’t mind not going away. I prefer to do some sort of activity when I’m on holiday, like learning a new sport ... Last year, for example, I did a language course ... It was great, as we had fantastic weather ... 4 Possible answer For example, we might go to the cinema or go to someone’s house and watch a film, and sometimes we go to the shopping mall and hang out.
Model answers 1 I spent last summer visiting my relatives who live near a beach. I went swimming nearly every day, or playing on the beach. 2 I was with my uncle, aunt, and my three cousins. 3 I didn’t take many photos, because I was too busy having fun. I don’t usually share photos online. 4 I didn’t have time to read any books, unfortunately! I usually read when I have to spend time indoors, and the weather is bad. 5 I took a few selfies with my cousins. There is one of us standing on a big rock in the sea. It’s really funny because it looks like we’re far out at sea. 6 One of my cousins plays guitar, and in the evening, when the sun went down, he often played it. I’ll remember that more than any other kind of music, 7 It’s always good to meet up with people who know a place well, because they can show you secret places that only locals know about. 8 The worst souvenir I’ve ever received was from my uncle. He bought me a T-shirt that said ‘My uncle went to London, and all he bought me was this T-shirt!’ He thought it was really funny, but I didn’t. I’ve never worn it. 5 Model answer
I was walking on the beach one day, having a sandwich I had bought in a shop. I had finished most of it when suddenly, a huge shape appeared in front of my eyes, and grabbed a piece of bread in my hand. It was an enormous seagull! It made a loud noise and disappeared.
Then, about 10 more seagulls flew down around me. I still had one last piece of bread in my hand, and all the seagulls knew about it. I tried shouting to make them go away, but they didn’t. The same seagull which had taken my bread dived at me again, and tried to take my last piece. I quickly ate it before it had another chance. Next time I go to the beach, I won’t take food with me!
1 Possible answer I like swimming, but I’m not very good at it yet. I’d love to try surfing one day. I’ve seen people surfing in the sea and it always looks so cool. I think I’d need some special equipment or clothes, and of course, I’d need to take lessons. First though, I need to become a stronger swimmer, and learn how to swim in the open water. 2 Possible answers good: being with friends, having good weather, having lots of things to do and see bad: bad weather, not having enough money, becoming ill 3 Possible answer I had an experience once when something went wrong on holiday. We were driving from our hometown to the beach on a long five-hour journey. It was the first day of our two-week holiday and I was having a sandwich in the car. Suddenly, I felt something bad happen to my tooth. I’d broken it! It was too late to go back home, so I had to spend the next two weeks with a broken tooth. I felt terrible, and I couldn’t eat anything on holiday except soup or soft food. I couldn’t even eat ice cream, because the cold hurt me too much. 4 Possible answers My most enjoyable holiday experience was when ... Of course, I ... By the end of the holiday, I ... It was ... that ... We were ... when ... Luckily, I ... I think it’s better to ... 5 There is no title. The ideas are all mixed up, It is not separated into paragraphs and there is no introduction or conclusion. It’s too short. 6 Possible answers I can’t wait for school to finish and the summer holidays to begin. I feel sorry for people who pay a lot of money for a holiday, and then something goes wrong. If you want to gain confidence in speaking English, it’s a good idea to find some friends to practise with. I hope nothing goes wrong with our car while we’re travelling. My friend says he’s going to Japan for a holiday. I can’t believe it! I’m looking forward to starting my water-skiing lessons next week. Sunny weather usually makes people feel better. I’m scared of heights, so I would never try anything like bungee jumping. I hope it doesn’t rain tomorrow. It will really spoil the day. 7 1 Since/Because 2 Although/Even though 3 though/however 4 However 5 so 8 Possible answers enjoyable, cold, I didn’t give up, I can’t wait, horrified, I’m afraid that spoilt, disasters, good times
UNIT 3 ALL IN A DAY’S WORK
1 Possible answers The school is probably closed because of heavy snowfall. Other reasons a school might close include a heat wave, special training days, an outbreak of a contagious disease, water leaks in classrooms, etc. 2 Cyber school days are occasions when students don’t go to school, but learn online or remotely. 4 1 B The main point that comes across in the opening paragraph is the newness of the experience. There are no details given about virtual schooling itself, her school or the way she gets ready, even though these exact words come up in the text.
5 2 B She clearly has a timetable of what needs to be studied, but can choose what order to do it in. (... she’ll log on, check her timetable and get going on the day’s lessons. Maybe she’ll start with maths. Who knows? For one day, the choice will be hers.) 3 A The cyber school days were surprisingly successful, not stressful. The disruption caused by the snow was stressful. (So, is this paving the way for full-time cyber school? Not at all! ... a small number of planned study days ... following the success of a trial at a neighbouring school ... When one neighbouring school offered its students the chance to study at home the results were surprising, with a 90% online attendance.) 4 B (The results caught the attention of other head teachers on the look-out for suggestions on how to motivate teachers and students alike and ultimately, improve grades.) The focus is on motivation, not the fact that students work better from home. The creativity of the teachers would be in the planning, and it wouldn’t be holiday time. 5 C (... some teachers worry that the scheme is likely to put them under increasing pressure to plan even more than they already do.) There is no reference to getting better grades or benefits. The focus is on the teachers being under pressure. 6 D (Possibly the biggest drawback for students like Anna is that her younger brothers will probably be a bit of a pain when she’s trying to concentrate ...) Anna has some ideas for doing sport and she is still in regular contact with her friends. There is no reference to helping her siblings. 6 1 gearing up 2 siblings 3 support 4 pilot (scheme) 5 win-win situation 6 collaboration 7 distractions 8 drawback
7 Possible answers Advantages: more freedom, choosing what to study when, exciting change, extra motivation, teachers can be more creative, online collaboration (which is good preparation for life) Disadvantages: teachers need to do more planning, they’ll be on call all day, less sport or physical exercise, being near family members, which could be a distraction, students may miss their friends
8 Possible answers 1 I’d enjoy learning to code, or make my own computer games. That kind of thing is probably better done online than in a traditional kind of classroom. 2 I would probably be less motivated if I was only in a virtual school environment. There would be so many other things to do, like check other websites, or watch TV. I think I need someone to make sure I’m really doing the work.
3 I study best in the mornings, so I would try to do most of my work then. I might not study at all in the afternoons, but go and do some exercise instead. I also enjoy working at night – I often go to bed late. So, if I could study in the evenings before going to bed, I would.
1 1 will have had (This time tomorrow) 2 ’ll have been collaborating (By the time they get to university) 3 is likely to 4 won’t be including (for the time being) 2 1 will be revising 2 ’ll have finished 3 ’ll have been studying 4 to be 3 1 university studies, career plans 2 career plans 3 travelling 4 socialising, travelling 5 travelling, hobbies, socialising 6 university studies, career plans 4 1 would’ve graduated 2 ’ll be able to 3 ’m gonna (going to) be hanging around, ’m travelling 4 ’ll wake up, ’ll go 5 ’ll be packing 6 won’t, have changed 5 Ed is young and goes to school (he takes classes), but he has also been asked to act in a film. 6 1 about to 2 not going to 3 is due to 4 will 5 won’t 6 is providing 7 won’t 8 to be 7 Possible answers At the weekend, I will wake up late, and then I’m going to find out what my friends are doing. If the weather is OK, we’ll go cycling somewhere. If it’s not OK, we’ll go to the swimming pool. We enjoy doing sporty stuff, even if the weather’s bad.
1 1 discipline 2 grade(s) 3 timetable 4 syllabus 5 experiment 6 handout 7 attendance 2 1 discipline 2 grade(s) 3 timetable 4 syllabus 5 experiment 6 handout 7 attendance 3 be: creative, self-employed, your own boss, responsible have: a good salary, control over your own time, a lot of pressure, time off work: independently, shifts, part/full-time, as a team 4 1 control 2 their own boss 3 responsible 4 independently 5 a lot of pressure 6 full-time 7 time off 5 1 F 2 C 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 E
6 Possible answers 1 The topics in Exercise 1 are usually controlled by teachers. An unschooler would need to have a lot of self-discipline. Systems like a syllabus, detention or timetables would not exist. 2 Unschooling is an interesting idea, but it wouldn’t suit everyone. You would need a lot of self-discipline and curiosity. You would still need the support of your parents, and you might miss a lot of things that other people your age are learning. 3 You can learn ‘real world’ skills, like how to develop your own curiosity, set your own goals, and how to explore your own interests.
1 Suggested answers 1 1 a hotel reception 2 receptionists, porters, waiters 3 communication skills, organisation skills 2 1 a supermarket 2 shop assistants, managers 3 communication skills, finance skills 3 1 a train station 2 engineers, train staff, ticket inspectors 3 communication skills, organisation skills
2 Job shadowing is when a junior employee, student or trainee follows and observes a more experience person doing a particular job. This usually happens over a period of time. The advantages of job shadowing are to see what the job involves, to experience the reality of difficult jobs and to confirm whether it’s really what they want to do. It could mean that they don’t waste time studying to do a job that they end up hating.
3 1 F – The person shadowing is learning the job. 2 T – Teamwork is considered a very positive aspect of the workplace. 3 F – Shadowing is often unpaid as the people doing it may be students. However, some companies run a shadowing scheme for new employees, in which case they would be paid. 4 T – The goal of the person shadowing is to learn what the job involves. 5 T – They learn by watching not by doing. 6 T – They are not doing the job and taking responsibility for it, they are just learning about it 4 Speaker 1: D – design process / dream homes Speaker 2: C – famous celebrities / programme Speaker 3: A – constructing buildings / outdoors / hard in winter Speaker 4: E – burning cakes / kitchen / local restaurant / cooking Speaker 5: B – fresh air / farm / animals 5 Possible answers A People tell me what they think. B I love something that is difficult to do. C It helped me understand what I want to do. D I meet loads of different people. E I have to make my own decisions. F I found out about something completely different. G There are great chances for promotion. H It made me really fit and healthy. 1 D The speaker talks about visiting clients and says what was especially cool was meeting loads of interesting customers and hearing them talk about their dream homes.
6 2 A The speaker says that the positive comments were ‘so worthwhile’. 3 G Here, the speaker mentions the colleagues doing college courses to ‘get a promotion’ and having ‘their own company one day. That made me realise what potential there is for a good career in the future’.
4 E The speaker mentions being given more ‘interesting stuff to do’ and said that it was ‘brilliant to know that somebody wanted to put [you] in charge of something’ (i. to give you responsibility). 5 C The experience only made this speaker more convinced about a future career. ‘I’m even more determined now.’ 7 Possible answers Arguments for: students are more likely to get higher qualifications without money worries; students are the future and we should invest in them. Arguments against: if students are not doing a job, they shouldn’t get paid; they are too young to get paid; schools and universities might attract people who want money, and don’t only want to study.
1 A single countable nouns: boss, role, task B uncountable nouns: information, stuff, advice C plural countable nouns: people, courses, colleagues 2 1 much 2 a large amount of 3 many 4 less 5 several 6 a few 3 Possible answer Jobs that aren’t glamorous or cool can also have benefits and are worth doing. 4 1 a bit of 2 some 3 few 4 several 5 a great deal of 6 little 5 1 only a few teenagers 2 earn little/only earn a little 3 few teenagers 4 have been plenty of changes 5 a great deal of 6 don’t/do not need much 6 Possible answers 1 I know a waiter who words very hard. He takes pride in giving customers what they want, and likes it when customers return to the restaurant. 2 A waiter has to deal with rude or unhappy customers, even if the waiter hasn’t done anything wrong. 3 It must be interesting to work in a busy restaurant and learn about different foods. I’d like to do it once, maybe as a part-time job.
2 Coding is the skill of telling a computer what you want it to do through a series of typed step-by-step instructions for the computer to follow. 3 1 depends on 2 referred to 3 cope with 4 benefit from 4 1 F (That’s what people thought in the past.) 2 F (It’s likely that all jobs will benefit from basic coding skills.) 3 T 4 T 5 The preposition that goes after the gap is in. The only collocation that matches this preposition is believe (option C). 1 B (rely on) 2 C (believe in) 3 D (specialise in) 4 A (benefit from) 5 A (succeed in) 6 B (applying for) 7 C (depend on) 8 D (appeals to) 6 Possible answers 1 As technology is developing, it is become more important to keep up with it. More and more jobs are becoming automated and there might come a time in the future when people who don’t know how to code are at a disadvantage when it comes to finding a job.
4 Reasons why it might be a good idea include the possibility that younger and older people can learn from each other, it gives them both a different perspective on life, and encourages them to try different thing. Reasons why it might be a bad idea include the possibility that young and older people tend not to have much in common, and might become frustrated with each other. 3 1 Pensioners’ (The words pensioners is plural. This means ‘the advice of the pensioners’.) 2 Both (This means ‘the mentor and the student’.) 3 person’s (The word person is a singular noun. This means ‘the confidence of one particular person’.) 4 Neither (This means that discussing the problems is not possible for pensioners or students.) 5 or (This means that there are two possible outcomes, but only one will happen)
4 Possible answers health benefits, a better social life, why it’s good for the community 5 1 For points 1 and 2, the writer mentions that teens and pensioners experience similar challenges, they both struggle to socialise, and experience loneliness and low self-confidence. Also, pensioners can help teens by being patient and understanding. Parents are often too busy to do so. 2 Teens can motivate older people by introducing them to new experiences, technology, sport, etc.
6 A: This works and balances the argument. It is more cautious in its summing up than the essay in Exercise 5, which gives definite opinions. That’s why the writer uses but to express doubt or concern. It could be a good alternative conclusion. B: This disagrees with the statement in the original task. It doesn’t work with this essay as the main part of the essay talks about how teens and pensioners can learn from each other. 7 1 B (This makes a general statement that introduces the topic.) 2 D (It is often said that ... introduces the first idea.) 3 A (Another important point is that ... introduces a second idea.) 4 E (From my own experience ... introduces the writer’s own idea.) 5 C (To sum up ... concludes the argument and the essay.)
8 They all link the text and give it structure and cohesion. Despite contrasts two different ideas. It is often said that introduces an idea. Likewise gives similar information. Another important point is/Moreover both give additional information. From my experience introduces the writer’s own opinion. To sum up starts a conclusion.
9 Possible answers academic knowledge: it’s important to have qualifications; it helps to get a job, but experience is also good; schools should help students get practical experience. money management: schools teach maths, but actually saving and managing money is an important life skill. your own idea: schools could also teach careers advice, social skills or technology skills. 10 Model answer
Although schools teach students a range of subjects and skills, some people believe that students need to learn more in order to be successful adults. It is often said that academic knowledge isn’t always useful. For example, people rarely need to know historical dates, or how to solve mathematical problems in their day-to-day lives. However, that is not to say that academic information is useless. It does develop students’ ability to think and read and write. The problem is that there is much more that students should learn.
As an example, students do not learn about money management in schools. This might lead to them becoming adults who do not know how to save, or manage debt. Similarly, many schools do not spend enough time teaching social skills, such as how to work in a team, to solve problems together, or understand other people’s feelings. These skills are undoubtedly important in later life. To sum up, I agree that schools need to teach more than academic knowledge to students. Moreover, teaching young children a wider variety of skills would help create a better society.
1 Possible answers I’m naturally good with numbers. I’ve always been able to do sums in my head, without needing a calculator. I’d really love to learn how to play a musical instrument. I am envious of anyone who can just pick up an instrument and start playing. I know that I’ll never learn how to code, or build a website, or anything like that. It’s just not something that interests me. 2 He plans to train sheepdogs and sell them to farmers. 3 Possible answers Philip can negotiate. He can successfully make deals to secure the materials for his new dog kennels. He can train sheep dogs. He starts a business that depends upon it. He can shear sheep, and shears some of his own flock. He is practical. He builds the kennels himself after clearing out the cow shed. He has the ability to spot good-quality sheep dogs. He bids for and wins the dog he wants at an auction. 4 Possible answer She’s pleased with the way Philip is approaching a difficult venture. She is positive about the future and is glad that he is interested and working hard to find answers. She is letting him make his own decisions because it will be his future job.
2 Possible answers Try to use more linkers, to make your writing clearer, and to write longer sentences. Make sure you include paragraphs, and that each paragraph is on a different point. Check your spelling and grammar carefully after you have written your essay. 3 Possible answers 1 When speaking, I should try to interact more with my partner by asking them questions, rather than just saying what I think. 2 I should try to focus on using future forms accurately, and to use a variety of forms. 3 Before listening, I should try to read through the options more carefully, and make sure I know what I’m going to be listening for.
1 1 grades 2 a lot of pressure 3 gets on with 4 drawback 5 rely on 6 detention 2 3. 1 attendance 2 have a good salary 3 run out of 4 benefit from 5 choose between 6 become self-confident 7 distraction 8 pocket money 3 1 organise my time 2 specialises in 3 discipline 4 apologised for 5 led to 6 works 7 keep up with 8 being self-employed
1 1 D 2 H 3 A 4 G 5 C 6 B 7 F 8 E
2 3.
1 number 2 plenty 3 Most 4 few 5 every 6 lot 7 little 8 some
3 3.
1 came up with 2 keep up with 3 gets on with 4 catch up on 5 make up for 6 run out of 4 1 be/start/begin 2 up 3 few 4 plenty/lots/loads 5 is 6 have 7 unlikely 8 the/any
5 Hi Sara, I hope you’re OK. I’m just writing to say that I’ve had an email from the organiser of the local food festival. Guess what! They have asked me to help out. I’ve always wanted a part-time job at a festival, and this sounds like fun! The organisers say it’s going to be busy and I might feel under pressure sometimes, but I’ll be working as part of a team, and the actual work seems like it’s going to be easy. So, if you want to come along to the food festival next week, you might see me there! I’ll be helping out at the ticket office! See you soon, Mark.
1 1 ‘ll (will) explain 2 Are you doing, ’re (are) having 3 ’s going to be 4 ‘ll (will) be celebrating 5 ‘ll (will) have been working 6 starts, ‘ll (will) go 7 is about to
2 1 will begin 2 ’m doing 3 starts 4 is going to 5 ’ll be learning 6 won’t be 7 will be 8 ’ll have gained 9 will have been studying 10 won’t have earned 3 1 D 2 F 3 E 4 C 5 A 6 B
4 1 a lot 2 much 3 a few 4 number 5 little 6 a great, lots of
5 1 school’s 2 twins’ 3 both 4 Harry’s 5 either 6 neither
4 2 B (There’s nowhere to skateboard at the moment.) 3 A (In case you’ve forgotten ... As long as we get them by midnight on Friday we’ll enter them in the prize draw.) 4 B (But you know there aren’t any other buses. There’s one at nine and then nothing until eleven. The basketball match doesn’t finish until nine-thirty.) 5 C (... unless you book soon, you might miss this opportunity. Unfortunately the exhibition is moving to another museum in just a few weeks.) 6 A (Queues of traffic have started to form in other areas of the city and unhappy commuters are reporting severe delays of up to two hours.) 7 B (It’s a cute house but really remote. There aren’t any neighbours at all and that puts people off.) 8 C (I like seeing other friends from school and the gym is the perfect place for that.) 5 Possible answers
The town council: We put a lot of money into facilities that aren’t used. We could use the money better in other ways. Older people need facilities more than teenagers. We have a responsibility to use the council’s money wisely. Local teenagers: We need to do school work so can’t use the facilities all the time. The weather sometimes stops us using outdoor facilities. It’s important for us to have places where we can spend time with other teenagers. We’re the future, so you should invest in us!
1 A present simple or can to talk about a hypothetical state/past simple (a hypothetical second conditional) B present simple, to refer to present or future time and repeated situations C present simple, but the time referred to is a hypothetical future D present simple (a hypothetical first conditional) E past simple, to talk about a present wish F past tense (or could) for a present or future ability G past perfect (or would) to talk about a present situation that we can’t change H past perfect, to talk about a past situation you regret 2 1 had taken 2 would go 3 came 4 hadn’t chosen 5 finds 3 Possible answers 1 + present tense (e. I have to work) 2 + past perfect (e. had been) 3 + present tense (e. you need it) 4 + present tense (e. the sales are still on) 5 + present tense (e. you don’t damage it) 6 + present tense (e. go to Australia)
4 1 could (You need the past form of the verb after wish to talk about a present situation.) 2 unless (We need something here that means ‘if not’.) 3 provided (We need something here that means ‘only if’ and goes before that.) 4 if / when (The start of a simple conditional clause.) 5 case (part of the phrase in case) 6 condition (part of the phrase on condition that) 7 had (using the past perfect form to talk about past regrets) 8 only (part of the phrase if only)
1 They’re talking about a fancy dress zombie party that one of them went to. 2 1 What was the party like? (Asking for a description of something.) 2 We all dressed up as zombies. (Describing an appearance or a role.)
3 ... villages like mine are rubbish for public transport. (Giving an example.) 4 The party was in the same road as my house (Part of an expression with the same ...) 5 You looked like a zombie in a horror film! (To say that something or is similar to something else.) 3 1 like, like 2 as 3 like 5 Possible answer I’ve never seen this kind of bus before. It’s good that people are thinking of how to improve public transport, but I can’t imagine it working in my city. It looks like it might slow down traffic, and create even more problems. 6 1 B took many by surprise (This is a fixed phrase meaning that something was unexpected.) 2 A at first sight (This means the first time you see something.) 3 A in fact (This means ‘actually’.) 4 C at least (This means ‘a minimum’.) 5 B used as a space (We use as here to describe the role of the upper level.) 6 D on the move (This is a fixed phrase meaning that something is physically moving.) 7 B for real (This means ‘in reality’.) 8 D in danger (In the text, this is used as an example of a potential problem with the bus.) 7 Possible answers Possible solutions include: a car-sharing scheme, in which families with cars share rides with families who don’t; a bike club, in which people with bikes agree to travel to and from school together at the same time; a ‘study-from-home’ scheme, in which students are able to come to school less, and have online lessons or receive more homework.
1 Possible answers The bottom left photo shows people riding Segways. These can be useful because they’re slow and can go along little streets in a city. The bottom right photo shows peoples using a cycle rickshaw (or bike taxi). These are useful because the cyclist can take you anywhere and can also explain about the places you are seeing. Other ways to see a city include walking on foot on a guided walking tour or taking an open-top bus. 2 Your opinion and why you have that opinion. 3 Possible answers Pros: fun, relaxing, interesting, healthier, you see more, you can see and smell things, get the atmosphere, you can visit smaller areas that transport can’t get to, also doesn’t pollute the environment Cons: tiring, can be boring if you’re somewhere you don’t like, dangerous (if there’s a lot of traffic), unhealthy (air pollution) 4 Cons: It can be boring and your legs ache. It’s very tiring. Pros: You can enjoy the atmosphere in the streets. It gives you more time to stop and look at things. 5 I’d definitely say that ... Frankly, I think that, ... To be honest, I don’t understand (why/how) ... I’m absolutely convinced that ... 6 1 ... this is just my opinion but 2 I’m absolutely convinced that 3 To be honest, I don’t understand 4 Frankly, I think that 5 I imagine
Speaker B gives the best answer, using more than one expression and including several ideas. Speaker A is also good and does back up ideas with personal experience. It would be nice to have a second expression from the box here because the speaker does feel quite strongly about it. Speaker C gives a short answer and doesn’t demonstrate enough language. As the student begins with I imagine... a second sentence could have started with I haven’t got much experience of this but .... 7 Possible answers 1 Yes, because it exposes you to other cultures 2 With family because you can feel comfortable with them. With friends because you can have a good time. 3 Some people prefer the peace and quiet of the countryside and find cities too busy. 4 Sightseeing, visiting cultural places like museums, photographing famous landmarks. 5 Yes, because otherwise you waste time, especially in a big city. It’s good to plan what you can do. 6 You can find out for yourself, but it’s quicker if local people introduce you to the interesting places that tourists don’t find. 8 Possible answers
For: cities usually have many things like museums and theatres, which offer educational opportunities; students can learn more than simply by sitting in a classroom; students have the experience of travelling as part of a group and seeing a new environment. Against: many exhibitions or landmarks can be seen or experienced online; it often costs a lot of money; it takes away valuable time from learning traditional school subjects.
1 Possible answers You will hear lots of people, possibly speaking different languages. You might hear buskers, playing music on the street, or the noise of different vehicles. You might see and be able to taste or smell different food than you are used to. The weather might also be different. It may feel much colder, wetter or warmer than you are used to.
2 Speaker 1: the crowds of people Speaker 2: the food stalls Speaker 3: a fountain and the heat Speaker 4: the noise from mopeds and car horns 3 Liam and Sophia are good friends. They met up at the weekend.
Sophia wants to know: 1 what is Liam’s favourite city. 2 what he did there. 3 was there anything he wishes he had had more time for. 4 1 Hi Sophia, Bye for now! 2 It refers to the last time he saw her, and introduces the email in a sociable way. 3 Yes, he describes Segovia and where it is (north of Madrid). He says it’s ancient, beautiful (took my breath away, winding streets, stunning views over the countryside). He wishes he’d had the time to eat there.
5 caught a high-speed train took my breath away make the most of it lost track (of time) To tell you the truth
6 1 the light 2 any difference 3 charge 4 touch 5 my day 6 track
7 a city or town spent a day in with friends or family Where is it? What is it like? What would you have done if you’d had more time there? 9 Possible answers Hi or Dear Dan I’ve just read about ... All the best./Hope that helps. 10 Model answer Hi Dan, I’ve just read your letter, asking for people to tell you about cities we have visited, and I would be delighted to tell you about my experiences. The city I visited was Vienna, which is the capital of Austria. The reason I went there was because I have a relative who was getting married to an Austrian man, so I went there with lots of family members. Luckily, I had the opportunity to see the city, too, and make the most of my time there. It really took my breath away. Vienna has a huge number of amazing buildings, and it’s difficult to stop taking photos of everything! In the centre, you can walk in small streets and it doesn’t feel crowded, because there aren’t many cars, and it’s easy to suddenly find yourself in a quiet little square. The only thing I wish I’d done was to go to a café. Vienna is famous for having some of the best cakes in the world, and I can’t believe I didn’t have any! All the best, Vanessa 12 Possible answers Students should make sure that they have used a greeting and ending, in an appropriate style. Their emails should also introduce the topic in the first paragraph. Every paragraph should have its own separate, new point.
1 Possible answers The zip on my jacket snapped while I was putting it on. I pinned the fabric together using safety pins, as I was late for the bus. It worked, but I think it looked a bit weird! 2 The curved shape (the parabolic curve) of the Walkie Talkie building combined with its reflective surface and directed sunlight and extreme heat into one concentrated area. This meant excessive heat caused smoke and fires in a particular area. 3 A bicycle saddle caught fire; tiles cracked because of the heat; furniture started smoking; people couldn’t stand in the space where the heat was being directed without discomfort; the light reflected from the building was dazzling. 4 The solar physicist suggested that the building could be covered in a surface that scatters the light or that the windows could be re-orientated (or re-positioned). In the end, the developers fitted the building with shades to deflect the sunlight. 5 Possible answer The developers could have draped a giant piece of material over one side of the Walkie Talkie building. However, I don’t think that would look very appealing. The curved face of the building could be re-built to make it straight, but this would probably be very expensive!
1 Possible answers 1 The photo at the top shows a game being watched on a tablet. It’s possible now to watch sports live, or on catch-up as long as you have a device with an internet connection. 2 The photo at the bottom shows a crowd of spectators watching a live game. The fact that they are wearing similar colours indicates that they are all fans or supporters of a particular team. 2 B 3 1 B The part of the paragraph that should help students arrive at the correct option is: the sport or team a person decides to follow is largely influenced by their social circle rather than their personal participation in a sport.
4 2 A Clearly the fan was not personally involved in achieving either success, yet they choose to use the pronoun ‘we’ to report their team’s performance. Fans’ use of ‘us’ and ‘we’ to talk about their favourite team is common behaviour. It demonstrates the strong sense of identity fans feel with their club ... Options B, C and D are incorrect because it is followed by the word demonstrates, and a reference to teams, odd behaviour and sense of identity would not make sense. 3 C However, research shows that this is not the case with fiercely loyal or ‘true’ fans. They will carry on wearing their team scarf even when their team performs badly and will say with genuine sadness, ‘They beat us three nil’. For option A, the reference to something ‘genuine’ is a distraction as it implies ‘real’ feelings, but is only an example. For options B and D, there is no reference to mood being affected or to criticism of others. 4 D Someone who is usually shy and quiet can be seen shouting, screaming and jumping up and down while watching their favourite team play. The effect of being in a crowd of spectators enjoying the same activity allows people to become less self-conscious and more confident. Option A incorrect because there is no direct comparison in the text. B is incorrect because there is no indication that their behaviour is considered bad. C is incorrect because the fans’ behaviour is not an indicator of stress, but a way of relieving it. 5 A It’s a well-known fact that people define themselves in terms of social groupings. In psychology, this is known as the ‘in group’ and ‘out group’ principle, and sports fans are no different. Option B is incorrect because it is the writer who realises this, not the fans. C is incorrect because the text says the opposite: that sport is no different from other activities. D is incorrect because the text doesn’t say whether fans are aware of any differences or similarities. 6 B Of course in reality it makes no difference what kind of hat you wear or whether you have your lucky coin, but superstitions are taken very seriously by sports fans and I for one would not like to try and persuade them otherwise! Option A is incorrect because ‘in reality it makes no difference’ and he does not comment on the potential benefits. C is incorrect because there is no indication of mockery in the text. D is incorrect because there is no implied criticism – just statements of fact. 5 1 yelling 2 boasting 3 nil 4 rival 5 relieve 6 superior 7 rooting for 8 jinxing
6 Possible answers Key points from the article include: Fans develop an attachment to a particular sport or team when they about eight or nine years old. They talk about their team using words like ‘we’, and can even feel part o
Gold Experience B2 2nd edition answers
Universidad: Universitat Politècnica de València
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