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Tejeros Convention (ABOUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENED THIS IS A SUMMARY OKIE)

RESEARCH DOCUMENTS FOR FILIPINO HISTORY ABOUT THE TEJEROS CONVENTION A...

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WORKSHEET FOR PRIMARY VS. SECONDARY SOURCES ON THE TEJEROS CONVENTION (1897)

Name: Angeli Joy Mercado BSECE-II Primary Source: Santiago Alvarez’ Memoirs of a General

Secondary Source: Teodoro Agoncillo’s Revolt of the Masses Author’s Background Santiago Virata Álvarez was a revolutionary general and a founder and honorary president of the first directorate of the Nacionalista Party.

Born: 25 July 1872, Imus Died: 30 October 1930, San Pablo City Full name: Santiago Álvarez y Virata

Also known as Kidlat ng Apoy ( En : Lightning of Fire; Fiery Lightning) because of his inflamed bravery and dedication as commander of Cavite's famous battles (particularly that in Dalahican), he was celebrated in present-day Cavite City as the Hero of the Battle of Dalahican.

Teodoro Andal Agoncillo was a prominent 20th-century Filipino historian. He and his contemporary Renato Constantino were among the first Filipino historians renowned for promoting a distinctly nationalist point of view of Filipino history. He was also an essayist and a poet.

Born: 9 November 1912, Navotas Died: 14 January 1985 Award: National Scientist of the Philippines Education: University of the Philippines Manila (1939), University of the Philippines Manila (1934)

Agoncillo's History of the Filipino People, first published in 1960, remains a popular standard textbook in many Filipino universities, as are many of Agoncillo's other works. This is despite Agoncillo's controversial tone and for his perceived leftist bent. Gregorio Zaide, Teodoro Agoncillo, Reynaldo Ileto and Renato Constantino stand as the most

prominent 20th century Filipino historians to emerge during the post- war period. It must be noted however, that Agoncillo's works suffer from uneven scholarship throughout, especially with his use (or especially, non-use) of reliable historical sources.

When was the account written? (Context)

Original Tagalog text of Santiago Alvarez’ Memoirs of a General was published in 36 installments, from July 24, 1927 to April 15, 1928, in the Tagalog weekly, Sampaguita. The translation of “Ang Katipunan at Paghihimagsikan” by Paula Caroline Malay in English was published in Quezon City, Ateneo de Manila University Press on 1992

The Revolt of the Masses: The Story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan was written in1947 as the author s winning entry in a National Bonifacio biography contest held in 1948. Another focus of inquiry is the publication of the manuscript in 1956 by the College of Liberal Arts of the University of the Philippines

Mention of Date/s - March 25, 1897 - A convention was held in Tejeros in order to settle the dispute between the two councils, The Magdalo and The Magdiwang group, and to decide on what type of government should be installed. - March 27, 1897 - Those elected at the Tejeros convention secretly gathered in the Tanza parish house. They knelt before a crucifix and solemnly took their office despite the Supremo, Andres

Middle of December 1896 - Bonifacio with his wife and two brothers, Ciriaco and Procopio, left Cavite because Bonifacio accept the request of Mariano Alvarez his uncle-in-law.
January 2,1897 - Bonifacio wrote from San Francisco de Malabon to Mariano Alvarez. Written in that letter was "President Mainam: Don't fail to come this very moment for I want to talk to you privately about what happened to me in Magdalo and so that you might

Towns under the sovereign power of each faction:

Kin Batangas and other towns (Magdalo)
Nasugbu, Tuwi and Look, in the same province (Magdiwang)
Mountains of Montalban and Mariquina - The search for Supremo, to apprise him of the urgent necessity of mediating of the widening rift between the two popularcouncils.
Zapote - Emilio Aguinaldo, Candido Tirona and Edilberto Evangelista were onhand to meet the Supremo and and his entourage
Imus (house of Juan Castaneda) - Bonifacio was brought by the rebel leaders where he was visited by Baldomero Aguinaldo, Daniel Tirona, Vicente Fernandez and others. Bonifacio ordered the arrest of Fernandez.

Magdiwang planned to hold another convention.

Town of Kawit, Bakood, and Imus – The place where the Spanish army
Kin Batangas and other towns (Magdalo)
Nasugbu, Tuwi and Look, in the same province (Magdiwang)
Mountains of Montalban and Mariquina - The search for Supremo, to apprise him of the urgent necessity of mediating of the widening rift between the two popularcouncils.
Zapote - Emilio Aguinaldo, Candido Tirona and Edilberto Evangelista were onhand to meet the Supremo and and his entourage
Imus (house of Juan Castaneda) - Bonifacio was brought by the rebel leaders where he was visited by Baldomero Aguinaldo, Daniel Tirona, Vicente Fernandez and others. Bonifacio ordered the arrest of Fernandez threatened it for battle.
Barrio between the towns of Imus and Dasmarinas - General Emillio Aguinaldo lead

the Magdalo Soldiers to face the Spaniards.

Santa Cruz de Malabon - The place where a bridge is connected to San Francisco de Malabon and is the place where the former summer resort of the friars, that witnessed the first important election held under the auspices of the Katipunan government.
San Juan del Monte/Laguna - The place where they were going to attack the Spaniards. Key Personalities
Andres Bonifacio - Leader of the Katipunan- Magdiwang president elected as the Secretary of the Interior
Emilio Aguinaldo - Elected as President of the Katipunan
Baldomero Aguinaldo - Magdalo President
Mariano Trias - Elected as Vice President
General Vibora - Elected as Captain General
Emiliano de Dios - Elected as Secretary of War
Daniel Tirona - He went against the result of the votings when
Andres Bonifacio - Supreme Head of the Katipunan
Artemio Ricarte - Magdalo's military commander brigadier- general
Mariano Alvarez - Magdiwang's chosen President
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo - Leading the Magdalo Soldiers, faced the Spaniards in Salitran
Candido Tirona - Magdiwang's minister of war
Edilberto Evangelista - Magdalo's elected Lieutenant General
Baldomero Aguinaldo - Made the proposal to establish a revolutionary government

demonstration of the Magdiwang rebels in Noveleta

Ariston Villanueva - Magdiwang's Minister of War who stood up and said that if new government was to be established, Andres Bonifacio who had organized and planned the entire revolutionary movement, must of right occupy presidency without any election
Santiago Alvarez - Magdalo's commander in chief
Pascual Alvarez - Magdalo's executive secretary
Luciano San Miguel - Magdiwang representative
Mariano Trias - Magdalo's minister of grace and justice
Severino de las Alas - Magdiwang representative let him stay at the estate house
Jacinto Lumbreras - Previous Chairman of the Katipunan
Fr. Cenon Villanueva - Officated the oath taken by the newly elected officers
Severino de las Alas and Daniel Tirona- Witness of the oath taking.
Jacinto Lumbrera - Acting president of magdiwang in the meeting

Sequencing of Events In the Philippine Revolution of 1896, there was a conflict between Andres Bonifacio, the Supremo of the Katipunan, the secret society that launched the uprising against Spain in August 1896. Emilio Aguinaldo, a leader of the Filipino forces in Cavite province. He replaced Bonifacio as head of the revolutionary movement in March 1897. In hopes of uniting the conflicting factions and establishing a new government of the Katipunan, Andres Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo agreed to hold the Tejeros Convention. The assembly at Tejeros took place on March 25, 1897, which was initially presided by Secretary Jacinto The Katipunan of Cavite, divided into two factions, the Magdiwang and the Magdalo, and each section exercised sovereign power over several towns. Leaders of each council never got together to elect their leader; they proceeded independently their elected leader. Both factions attempted to make their

The Katipunan of Cavite, divided into two factions, the Magdiwang and the Magdalo, and each factions exercised sovereign power over a number of towns. Leaders of each council never got together to elect their leader; they proceeded independently their elected leader. Both factions attempted to make their uniform to recognized their council, however the plan did not go beyond the paper stage due to lack of budget.

When Cavite led by its two factions, successfully rose in their revolt, disputes arises between the leaders of rival factions for their desire to control the other faction.

the Revolution would be no better than a pack of bandits or wild, mindless animals. Hurt by the words of Montenegro, General Apoy emphasized that they are true revolutionaries fighting for the freedom of the native land, and they are not bandits who rob others of their property and wealth. General Apoy then ordered the arrest of Antonio Montenegro. When the restored order, Andres Bonifacio presumed the chairman of the assembly, for he is the Father of the Katipunan and the Revolution. Secretary Lumbreras thought Bonifacio to be the rightful chairman because the as the leader of the Katipunan's, he was responsible for the spread of the revolutionary movement throughout The Philippines An election took place for the following positions: President, Vice President,Minister of Finance, Minister of Welfare and Justice, and Captain-General. The Supremo Bonifacio emphasized that all decisions discussed and approved in all should respect the meetings and all should abide by the wishes of the majority, no matter what his station in life or his educational attainment. The Magdiwang secretary of the treasury warned Bonifacio that the ballots were

Bonifacio was invited to attend an event in Noveleta. A parade took place and Emilio Aguinaldo, a Magdiwang, observed the parade, while having a plan to nominate Edilberto Evangelista, with the intention of his faction to propose an establishment of a revolutionary government. Bonifacio knowing the plan of Aguinaldo was hurt for the presidency must be given to him for he is the founder of Katipunan. After, an assembly was opened with Bonifacio as chairman. And both factions have different sides that never come to understanding. Magdalo proposes to have a government with the Katipunan for it was no longer necessary, and Magdiwang opposes the proposal. At the end the assembly was adjourned, but as tension between the Magdiwang and Magdalo continues to rise. The leaders held another convention at the estate- house in Tejeros. This was during Aguinaldo’s birthday March 22, and when he was facing the Spaniards in Salitran. The convention was mostly attended by Magdiwang soldiers. The convention was opened by Jacinto Lumbreras, however

tampered, and then already filled some out, however, Bonifacio ignored this and proceeded with the election. In the voting for the presidency position in the revolutionary government, Emilio, a revolutionary government. Bonifacio knowing the plan of Aguinaldo was hurt for the presidency, must be given to him, for he is the founder of Katipunan. After, an assembly was opened with Bonifacio as chairman. And both factions have different sides that never come to an understanding. Magdalo proposes to have a government with the Katipunan for it was no longer necessary, and Magdiwang opposes the proposal. In the end, the assembly was adjourned, but as the tension between the Magdiwang and Magdalo continue to rise. The leaders held another convention at the estate-house in Tejeros. This was during Aguinaldo’s birthday March 22, 1987, and when he was facing the Spaniards in Salitran. The convention was mostly attended by Magdiwang soldiers. Jacinto opened the way to Lumbreras, however Severino de las Alas took the floor and wanted to discuss on what kind of government should be set up.

Severino de las Alas took the floor and wanted to discuss on what kind of government should be set up. Andres Bonifacio explaining that the K in the Katipunan flag already identified the type of government but de las Alas was not satisfied. The tension was heated up as Antonio Montenegro insulted the Katipunan which was not taken lightly by Santiago Alvarez. Lumbreras then proceeded to gave the seat to Andres Bonifacio in spearheading the convention. An election was held where whoever elected was to be recognized and respected regardless of social status and education. Emilio Aguinaldo was elected President, Mariano Trias as Vice President, Ricarte as Captain General, Emilio R. de Dios as director of war and Andres Bonifacio as Director of Interior. The position of Bonifacio was opposed by Daniel Tirona, which offended the Supremo, that led him to call the assembly off and all that was discussed as null. Bonifacio believed that that he should have been given the presidency but was not due to the dirty work of the Magdalo men. In his letter to Mariano Alvarez he also said that he would not recognize the chiefs elected during

was rumored that a meeting had taken place at the Tanza parish house and Bonifacio’s decision regarding the election being null and void were not respected. At the gathering in the Tanza parish house,those elected at the Tejeros Convention took their oaths office, which was officiated by Fr. Cenon Villafranca to the Magdiwang Council,the Magdalo posted troops to guard the Tarzan parish house and not to admit any unwanted Magdiwang partisans.

DIFFERENCES between the two accounts The Date of the Tejeros Convention: Revolutionary leader, Santiago Alvarez stated that the Tejeros Convention occurred on March 25, 1897.

According to historian Teodoro Agoncillo, the Tejeros Convention occurred on March 22, 1897, which was Aguinaldo’s birthday.

YOUR OWN ANALYSIS of the differences between the two accounts

My own analysis in the differences between the two accounts is that in this book, it is shorter and much more simplified In terms of telling how the story went.

While in here, the difference I had found is that Andres Bonifacio’s letters to his uncle-in-law was shown and translated and that some of the battle (like the capture of rebels in the hands of Polavieja) was told and the version seemed longer and in much more detailed like when it comes to occ urrences as we are not only witnessing one person’s point of view but a lot (the witnesses, other people involved in the tejeros convention.

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Tejeros Convention (ABOUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENED THIS IS A SUMMARY OKIE)

Course: Civil Engineering (BSCE)

132 Documents

Students shared 132 documents in this course

University: Notre Dame University

Was this document helpful?

WORKSHEET FOR PRIMARY VS. SECONDARY SOURCES ON THE TEJEROS CONVENTION (1897)

Name: Angeli Joy Mercado BSECE-II

Primary Source: Santiago Alvarez’

Memoirs of a General

Secondary Source: Teodoro

Agoncillo’s Revolt of the Masses

Author’s Background

Santiago Virata Álvarez was a

revolutionary general and a founder

and honorary president of the first

directorate of the Nacionalista Party.

Born: 25 July 1872, Imus

Died: 30 October 1930, San Pablo

City

Full name: Santiago Álvarez y Virata

Also known as Kidlat ng Apoy (En:

Lightning of Fire; Fiery Lightning)

because of his inflamed bravery and

dedication as commander of Cavite's

famous battles (particularly that in

Dalahican), he was celebrated in

present-day Cavite City as the Hero of

the Battle of Dalahican.

Teodoro Andal Agoncillo was a

prominent 20th-century Filipino

historian. He and his contemporary

Renato Constantino were among the

first Filipino historians renowned for

promoting a distinctly nationalist point

of view of Filipino history. He was also

an essayist and a poet.

Born: 9 November 1912, Navotas

Died: 14 January 1985

Award: National Scientist of the

Philippines

Education: University of the

Philippines Manila (1939), University

of the Philippines Manila (1934)

Agoncillo's History of the Filipino

People, first published in 1960,

remains a popular standard textbook

in many Filipino universities, as are

many of Agoncillo's other works. This

is despite Agoncillo's controversial

tone and for his perceived leftist bent.

Gregorio Zaide, Teodoro Agoncillo,

Reynaldo Ileto and Renato

Constantino stand as the most

Tejeros Convention (ABOUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENED THIS IS A SUMMARY OKIE)

Civil Engineering (BSCE)

Notre Dame University

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WORKSHEET FOR PRIMARY VS. SECONDARY SOURCES ON THE TEJEROS CONVENTION (1897)

Tejeros Convention (ABOUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENED THIS IS A SUMMARY OKIE)

Course: Civil Engineering (BSCE)

University: Notre Dame University

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