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Who is Santiago Alvarez? How come his writing is a primary source?
Course: Readings in Philippine History (RIPH111)
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University: Our Lady of Fatima University
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1. Who is Santiago Alvarez? How come his writing is a primary source?
Answer: He is a general, honorary president and founder of the first directorate of the
Nacionalista party. “Kidlatng apoy” was his alias and he became famous for his
bravery and courage during the battles in Cavite. He is the child of a revolutionary
general named Mariano Alvarez. His writing is a primary source because he was there
when the incident happened.
2. Who is Teodoro Agoncillo? How come his writing is a secondary source?
Answer: He is a prominent 20th century Filipino historian. He and his contemporary
Renato Constantino were among the earliest Filipino historians known to adopt a
distinctly nationalistic view of Philippine history. His writing is secondary as he is a
prominent 20th century Philippine historian and reports on the events of the "Tejeros
Convention".
3. Create a chart comparing in detail the accounts of the two writers
regarding the “Tejeros Convention”
4. Form your internal and external criticisms over the two sources. (Prove
the credibility and authenticity of the sources.)NOTE: Please use this format
in answer the activity.
Santiago Alvarez Teodoro Agoncillo
1. Title EXCERPT FROM THE
SANTIAGO ALVAREZ
ACCOUNT “Katipunan
and the Revolution:
Memoirs of a General”
EXCERPT from TEODORO
AGONCILLO, “The Revolt of the
Masses, the story of Bonifacio and
the Katipunan”
2. Accounts
Gen. Satiago Alvarez aka
“Kidlatang Apoy” or
“General Apoy” was a
Magdiwanng man and the
Commander-in-chief. He’s
focusing on what
happened in the election
made by two factions
Magdiwang and Magdalo
in Tejeros Convention.
Santiago's point of view is
to tell what really happens
at the convention, but he
has not detailed Bonifacio,
but highlights some of the
things that Bonifacio does.
When he pulled out the
revolver and pointed it at
He is a historian in 20 century here
in the Philippines. Agoncillo is more
focusing on telling the story
specifying the before and after the
convention happens.
He began to point out some
background information on the two
factions Magdalo and Magdiwang.
He said there was a
misunderstanding in both camps, so
the Tejeros Convention was created
to clear up the misunderstanding.
The details about Bonifacio were
clear, as he was expected to be
impartial in two factions, but his
actions in this case were motivated
by respect for the uncle of his wife,
Mariano Álvarez, president of
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