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essay body paragraph starters
English Thesis (ENGL40019)
University of Melbourne
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Ho w to write a topic sentence: The first thing that you need to write in a bod y paragraph is a great topi c sentence. Often, students make the mistake of writing a sentence that just ha s a topic noun in it (like the name of a character of the name of a theme): Thes e topic sentences might look lik e this: - Cspgngbcq qf mu q K cbc_%q _l ecp - H_qml qf mu q ` crp_w_j - Rf c L spqc gq _ jmw_j qcpt _l r
Have a go at working from left to write to build beautiful topic sentences: Au thor/Character Ve rb To pi c Noun In troduce t he per spec tive
A noun phrase
Euripides
Medea
Jason
Creon
Glauce
The Chorus
Aegeus
Tutor
Nurse
The sons
The gods
Uses
Emphasises
Shows us
Reveals
Highlights
Focuses on
Characterises
Contrasts
Depicts
Illustrates
Demonstrates
Overcomes
Typifies
Seeks
Must
exile
truth
justice
revenge
duty
natural law
betrayal
loyalty
punishment
regret
family
women
royalty
passion
conflict
children
to emphasise
By the way he challenges
to overcome
to celebrate
to condemn
to warn
the dark nature of men
the power of women
the consequences of betrayal
the weakness of men
the incapacitating nature of regret
the inevitability of justice
the balance of natural law
the destruction of innocence
Bod y paragraph sentences to use evidence an d how to an al ys e: ‘- ING’ VERBS • Highlighting this, is the../moment where... - Emphasising this, is the../moment where... NOUN/ARTICLE/PRONOUN FIRST
- Images of.. used to highlight...
- Symbols of . used to show...
- The technique of.. how/that...
- A crisis emerges for...when.. that...
- The problem for.. when...
- The incident where.. that...
- The screen in which.. us that..
- It is when...
- It is evidence when...
- [Character’s name]’s statement that..”...” shows the audience that...
- [Character’s name]’s belief that..”...” shows the audience that...
- [Character’s name]’s says that..”...” indicates that...
- The action that most show the audience.. when...
- The action of.... most show the audience...
- The character is forced to......
- The setting of.. that..... PREPOSITION/ADVERB • In the scene/moment where.. see that...
- At the point where.. character is portrayed as...
- By.. character is represented as...
- When.. the reader can clearly see...
- In stark contrast to this, is the..... THIS/THESE • The ideas is made clear though....
- This is apparent when...
- These moments highlight...
- These character highlight...
Con cluding sentences/for you r con clusion : Con cluding Adverbs Con cluding Phrases - Ultimately... - Essentially... - Fundamentally...
- On its surface the text is.. underneath...
- In the end...
- While the novel shows us.. most important message of the text is...
In troduction/f irst se ntences in Body Paragraphs:
El ement Ex am pl e
1 The writer begins each sentence with a preposition or prepositional
phrase. This shows where or what time they are writing about
• Thoughout...
• In...
• From the outset of...
2 The writer then identifies the text title (indicating that they are writing
about the whole text)
• Montana 1948
• Medea
• The Thing Around Your Neck
3 The writer refer to the author and follow this name with an analytical
verb
• Euripides explores
• Euripides depicts
• Euripides scrutinises
4 Finally, the writer uses an idea now to give an indication of what the ‘big
idea’ of the text is...
• The consequences of betrayal
• The fallibility of men
• The darkness of human
nature
It ’s t ime f or y ou t o g ive i t a g o...
Pr epo sitiona l Phr ase An alytical Ve rb Ba sic Idea Nou ns
• Throughout
• In
• From the start of
• From its outset
• At its heart
• Fundamentally
• Challenges
• Scrutinises
• Explores
• Highlights
• Questions
• Transforms
• Exposes reveals
• Manipulates
• Speculates
• Advocates
• Contrasts
• Epitomises
• Betrayal
• Children
• Exile
• Loss
• Family
• Justice
• Revenge
• Loyalty
• Love
• Conflict
• Humanity
• Oppression
• Conscience
• Trust
• Reality
• Passion
• Hope
No w to make it more complex:
Basic connecting words (ways of saying ‘and’, ‘but’ or ‘because’)
Conjunctions Conjunction Phrases Relative Pronouns
• And
• But
• Yet
• Or
• Because
• And also
• But also
• Yet also
• Not only.. also
• Both..
• In addition to
• Together with
• As well as
• In conjunction with
• On top of
• Except for
• Despite the
• Which
• Who
• That
essay body paragraph starters
Course: English Thesis (ENGL40019)
University: University of Melbourne
