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Stem cell donation - Assignment - Nursing - 2021/2022
Nursing (3SS3)
Mohawk College
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Stem cell donation
Continue reading to find out everything you need to know about stem cell donation:
Stem cell donation is used to treat people suffering from blood diseases, including blood cancers, because they need bone marrow to produce healthy blood cells. How is stem cell donation done?
After conducting certain tests to determine whether the bone marrow donor is a match for the patient, the donor is prepared for the stem cell donation process, which can be done in one of the following ways:
- Donate blood stem cells that are already present in the blood.
The donation of peripheral stem cells present in the blood constitutes 90% of the total methods used. In a normal situation, the body secretes a hormone in certain quantities to stimulate the production of blood cells from the bone marrow. During the stem cell donation process, this hormone is injected to stimulate the production of a larger number of stem cells.
After four days, blood is drawn from the donor and the blood is passed through a device that separates stem cells from other blood components, and then the blood is returned to the donor through a needle in the second hand.
This procedure takes 2–5 hours per session and depending on the amount of stem cells to be donated, the donor may undergo several sessions, which are done in outpatient clinics and do not require anaesthesia or hospitalization.
- Donation of bone marrow
Bone marrow donation requires the donor to undergo general anesthesia. This procedure involves inserting a large bone syringe and taking portions of the donor's bone marrow, which is often from the pelvic bone.
This procedure lasts an hour or two and requires a hospital stay of several days.
Are there any side effects to stem cell donation?
There are many side effects that the donor may experience after undergoing a stem cell donation procedure. Here are the most prominent of these symptoms:
- Side effects of bone marrow donation
In the case of bone marrow donation, the donor may experience the following symptoms:
Pain in the back and where the injection was inserted may lead to difficulty walking, but these symptoms often go away after several days of taking pain relievers, and the donor regains full activity within a few weeks.
Bone marrow donors may experience other symptoms as a result of general anesthesia, including dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.
Swelling and soreness where the injection was inserted into the bone, and the tumor may extend to the back.
Changes in the donor's sleep patterns and loss of appetite for several days
Feeling tired and lacking in activity for several days after the procedure.
- Side effects of donating blood stem cells
The donor may experience the following:
Symptoms because of the injection of the hormone stimulating the production of stem cells include pain in the bones and muscles, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and the appearance of bruises on the skin, but these symptoms often go away after several days of stopping the injection.
Usually, blood is drawn from the peripheral veins, but if this is difficult due to their smallness or weakness of the walls of the blood vessels, blood is drawn from larger veins, such as those in the neck or chest, which may cause some risks, such as bleeding or inflammation as a result of infection.
During the blood draw, the donor may feel symptoms such as dizziness, chills, and flu-like symptoms, which usually go away after the donation is completed and within a few days.
Suggestions for Life After Stem Cell Donation
If you experience symptoms after one of the donation procedures, you can follow the following tips to alleviate the symptoms associated with all kinds of donation: This is a common misunderstanding.
Take a break after donating stem cells for at least 48 hours.
After consulting a doctor, you can take pain relievers that contain paracetamol and stay away from analgesics containing aspirin, after placing cold compresses on the injection site.
Eat small, light, and nutritious meals throughout the day.
Avoid strenuous activities such as weightlifting or housework for at least 7–10 days.
Stem cell donation - Assignment - Nursing - 2021/2022
Course: Nursing (3SS3)
University: Mohawk College
