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Cometti-Livingston rash skin

lecture notes from the first week of class
Academic year: 2020/2021
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West Coast University

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Skin Lesion Reference Guide

Bulla Circumscribed collection of free fluid, >1 cm

Macule Circular flat discoloration, <1 cm brown, blue, red or hypopigmented

Nodule Circular, elevated, solid lesion, >1cm

Patch Circumscribed flat discoloration, >1cm

Pustule Vesicle containing pus (inflammatory cells)

Plaque Superficial elevated solid flat topped lesion, >1 cm

Papule Superficial solid elevated, ≤0 cm, color varies

Vesicle Circular collection of free fluid, ≤1 cm

Wheal Edematous, transitory plaque, may last few hours

Crust Dried serum or exudate on skin

Scale Epidermal thickening; consists of flakes or plates of compacted desquamated layers of stratum corneum

Fissure Crack or split

Excoriation Linear erosion

Erosion Loss of epidermis (superficial); Part or all of the epidermis has been lost

Lichenification Thickening of the epidermis seen with exaggeration of normal

skin lines

Scar Thickening; permanent fibrotic changes that occur on the skin following damage to the dermis

#DRM806 ©2006 Wound Care Education Institute – wcei

Configuration

Refers to the shape or outline of lesions

 Annular - round or circular with central clearing  Circinate - round, circular > arciform: partial circle  Iris or target -also known as target lesions and are a series of concentric rings. These have a dark or blistered center.  Gyrate - connecting arcs  Linear - straight  Serpiginous – meandering; wander as though following the track of a snake.  Margination – sharp, ill -defined?  Satellite Lesions - commonly used to describe a portion of the rash of cutaneous candidiasis in which a beefy red plaque may be found surrounded by numerous, smaller red macules located adjacent to the body of the main lesions  Zosteriform - dermatomal

Distribution

The clinical arrangement of skin lesions

 Localized - grouped into specific areas  Generalized - dispersed all over  Symmetric - no pattern  Asymmetric - pattern lacking randomness  Discrete - separate  Grouped - clustered  Confluent (coalescing) - smaller into larger  Cleavage plane - arranged along lines of skin tension

Inspection/Documentation of Lesions:

 Color  Number of lesions (the actual number, or estimation)  Location and distribution of lesions – be specific! (e., scalp, face and trunk are areas of high sebaceous gland concentration; on extremities, it makes a difference whether lesions are on extensor or flexor surfaces  Grouping or configuration of lesions (e., linear, annular)  Size of lesions in centimeters  Shape and borders (e., round, linear, oval, and geographic are shapes; borders can be well-defined, ill-defined, circumscribed, or irregular)  Surface (e., flat or raised)  Tenderness (or non-tender)  Mobility (mobile – moves with the skin; non-mobile or fixed – skin moves over it)  Special characteristics (e., pediculated (on a stalk), exudative. etc.)

#DRM806 ©2006 Wound Care Education Institute – wcei

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Cometti-Livingston rash skin

Course: Instructional Design in Nursing Education for Doctor of Nursing Practice Students (NURS 652 )

University: California State University, Fullerton

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Skin Lesion Reference Guide
Bulla
Circumscribed
collection of free
fluid, >1 cm
Macule
Circular flat
discoloration,
<1 cm brown, blue, red
or hypopigmented
Nodule
Circular, elevated, solid
lesion, >1cm
Patch
Circumscribed flat
discoloration, >1cm
Pustule
Vesicle containing
pus (inflammatory
cells)
Plaque
Superficial elevated
solid flat topped
lesion, >1 cm
Papule
Superficial solid
elevated, ≤0.5 cm,
color varies
Vesicle
Circular collection of
free fluid, ≤1 cm
Wheal
Edematous, transitory
plaque, may last few
hours
Crust
Dried serum or
exudate on skin
Fissure
Crack or split
Excoriation
Linear erosion
Erosion
Loss of epidermis (superficial);
Part or all of the epidermis has
been lost
Lichenification
Thickening of the
epidermis seen with
exaggeration of normal
skin lines
Scar
Thickening; permanent
fibrotic changes that occur
on the skin following
damage to the dermis
#DRM806 ©2006 Wound Care Education Institute – www.wcei.net

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