- Information
- AI Chat
Ch 02 test bank - answers
Anatomy and Physiology I (BIOL 2401 )
Collin College
Comments
- wish i could have this with the answers on a different paged. but other than that i really enjoyed it and it helped alot
- wish i could have this with the answers on a different paged. but other than that i really enjoyed it and it helped alot
Preview text
Human Anatomy & Physiology, 2e, Global Edition (Amerman) Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Life
Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge? A) proton B) neutron C) electron D) nucleus Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
How many electrons are in the outermost shell of an atom with 15 electrons? A) 2 B) 8 C) 10 D) 5 Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
The innermost shell of an atom holds: A) 2 electrons. B) 6 electrons. C) 2 protons. D) 8 electrons. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
An electrically neutral atom with an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 17 has: A) 8 protons. B) 9 electrons. C) 8 neutrons. D) 17 protons. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 5-6) Evaluating/Creating Learning Outcome: 2.
What predicts the element to which an atom belongs? A) total number of electrons B) total number of protons C) total number of neutrons D) number of electrons in the first shell Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
1
The four most common elements, comprising 96% of the body's mass, are: A) carbon, sodium, phosphorus, sulfur. B) oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon. C) chlorine, sodium, magnesium, potassium. D) oxygen, potassium, iron, copper. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
An atom of iron has an atomic number of 26. Which of the following is TRUE? A) Iron has 13 protons and 13 electrons. B) Iron has 26 protons. C) Iron has 13 protons and 13 neutrons. D) Iron has 13 electrons. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.1, 2.
The atomic number represents the number of: A) electrons in an atom. B) protons in an atom. C) protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. D) neutrons in an atom. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What contributes to the calculation of the mass number? A) sum of protons and electrons B) sum of electrons and neutrons C) sum of protons and neutrons D) sum of protons, neutrons, and electrons Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Determine the number of protons in an isotope of nitrogen with an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 14. A) 7 B) 10 C) 14 D) 17 Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 5-6) Evaluating/Creating Learning Outcome: 2.
2
An atom has 3 electrons in its valence shell. What is the atomic number of this atom? A) 3 B) 7 C) 8 D) 13 Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Two or more atoms of the same element that are chemically combined are known as: A) molecules. B) compounds. C) ions. D) suspensions. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Na+ is best known as a(n): A) molecule. B) macromolecule. C) compound. D) ion. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
What is meant by N 2?
A) Two nitrogen atoms formed a molecule. B) The atomic number of nitrogen is two. C) Two nitrogen atoms form a compound. D) The atomic mass of nitrogen is two. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
- The formation of a cation and an anion is indicative of a(n): A) ionic bond. B) nonpolar bond. C) polar bond. D) covalent bond. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
4
Ionic bonds result from: A) the equal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms. B) the transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a nonmetal atom. C) the unequal sharing of electrons between nonmetal atoms. D) weak attractions between polar molecules. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following is the strongest bond? A) ionic B) single covalent C) hydrogen D) double covalent Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What does this structural formula, N≡N, indicate? A) Two atoms of nitrogen are held together by hydrogen bonds. B) Two atoms of nitrogen share three pairs of electrons. C) An ionic bond holds the two atoms of nitrogen together. D) Three atoms of nitrogen are double bonded. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
In a molecule of oxygen gas, the atoms of oxygen share electrons equally with one another. This statement best describes a(n): A) ionic bond. B) nonpolar covalent bond. C) polar covalent bond. D) compound. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
What is a dipole? A) polar molecule B) a salt C) a type of reaction D) nonpolar molecule Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
5
The process of digesting food breaks large food particles into smaller particles. This example is best described as a(n): A) exchange reaction. B) catabolic reaction. C) anabolic reaction. D) neutralization reaction. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What happens in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions? A) Electron exchange occurs. B) Larger molecules are built from smaller subunits. C) Energy is used since these are endergonic reactions. D) Atoms are exchanged. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following represents an exchange reaction? A) AB + CD → BA + DC B) AB → A + B C) AB + CD → AD + BC D) A + B → AB Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction? A) cold temperatures B) absence of a catalyst C) increased reactant concentration D) solid reactants Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which biological catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction? A) carbohydrate B) enzyme C) lipid D) salt Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
7
Which statement best describes enzyme function? A) One enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates. B) Enzymes can perform catabolic reactions only. C) Enzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. D) Enzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What property of water helps keep body temperature stabilized? A) polarity B) universal solvent C) surface tension D) heat capacity Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What type of compound is NOT likely to dissolve in water? A) ionic compound B) polar covalent compound C) nonpolar covalent compound D) both polar and nonpolar covalent compounds Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Water is most likely to dissolve a solute that is: A) hydrophilic. B) a lipid. C) hydrophobic. D) nonpolar. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following is a hydrogen ion donor? A) acid B) alkali substance C) neutral substance D) base Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
8
Which pH represents a solution that has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions? A) pH 1 B) pH 7 C) pH 10 D) pH 14 Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following represents the strongest acidic solution? A) pH 1 B) pH 4 C) pH 6 D) pH 9 Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
On average, blood pH is approximately: A) 7. B) 7. C) 7. D) 7. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What pH value represents a solution that releases 10 times more hydrogen ions than a pH of 7? A) pH 4 B) pH 5 C) pH 6 D) pH 8 Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Which pH represents a solution that releases 100 times less hydrogen ions than a pH of 9? A) pH 7 B) pH 8 C) pH 11 D) pH 12 Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
10
Which two organ systems work to correct pH imbalances in the body? A) respiratory and urinary B) urinary and endocrine C) digestive and respiratory D) endocrine and nervous Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What is the function of a buffer system? A) Buffer systems lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction. B) Buffer systems act as a lubricant between two adjacent surfaces. C) Buffer systems absorb heat without changing temperature themselves. D) Buffer systems prevent large swings in pH when an acid or base is added to a solution. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What is the effect of a buffer on a solution? A) Buffer systems cause the blood pH to increase, then to decrease dramatically. B) Buffer systems allow the blood to become too basic. C) Buffer systems resist changes in blood pH. D) Buffer systems allow hydrogen ions to accumulate in blood until acidosis is reached. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Salts are held together by: A) single covalent bonds. B) nonpolar covalent bonds. C) polar covalent bonds. D) ionic bonds. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Ionic compounds dissociate in water into: A) polar and nonpolar substances. B) hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances. C) electrolytes. D) acids and bases. Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
11
Glucose and fructose are joined through dehydration synthesis to produce: A) lactose. B) sucrose. C) maltose. D) galactose. Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.5, 2.
Glucose, galactose, and fructose have the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6 but have different
arrangements of atoms. These sugars are: A) isomers. B) disaccharides. C) isotopes. D) polysaccharides. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
What is the building block of a lipid? A) glucose B) fatty acid C) glycogen D) nucleic acid Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Which of the following fatty acid chains has the most double bonds? A) polyunsaturated fatty acid B) saturated fatty acid C) monounsaturated fatty acid D) glycerol Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
A fatty acid that contains no double covalent bonds is: A) hydrogenated. B) polyunsaturated. C) monounsaturated. D) saturated. Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
13
What forms the basis for the body's steroids? A) testosterone B) glucose C) triglyceride D) cholesterol Answer: D Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
The main structural component of cell membranes is: A) phospholipids. B) cholesterol. C) triglycerides. D) steroids. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Amino acids are the monomers for: A) proteins. B) carbohydrates. C) lipids. D) nucleic acids. Answer: A Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What group makes each amino acid unique? A) ammonia group B) "R" group C) amino group D) carboxylic acid group Answer: B Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
What type of polar covalent bond links amino acids? A) hydrophobic bond B) amphiphilic bond C) peptide bond D) ketone bond Answer: C Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
14
Explain how to determine the atomic number and mass number for an atom. Answer: An atom's atomic number is determined by its number of protons. The mass number is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the atom. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Explain the difference between an inert atom and a reactive atom. Answer: Atoms that have filled valence shells are known as inert or nonreactive atoms. Atoms that do not meet the octet rule are said to be reactive. That is, they are unstable and will react with other atoms until they obey the octet rule. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
To make a gallon of lemonade, Emily mixed sugar with water until it dissolved. Did she create a solution, a suspension, or a colloid? Explain. Answer: Emily made a solution. Solutions are described by saying that one substance, the sugar, dissolves in another substance, the water. The sugar is the solute since is it dissolved by the water. Water is the solvent since it dissolves the solute. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Determine the atomic number of a neutral atom with 3 shells and 6 electrons in its valence shell. Answer: The innermost shell of the atom holds 2 electrons. The next shell holds a maximum of 8 electrons. The valence shell of this particular atom holds 6 electrons. This atom has 3 shells and 16 total electrons. Add the electrons (2 + 8 + 6 = 16). In a neutral atom, the numbers of protons equals the number of electrons. Thus, this atom has an atomic number of 16. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.1, 2.
What is the octet rule? Answer: The octet rule states that an atom is most stable when it has eight electrons in its valence shell. Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Is N 2 a molecule or a compound? Explain.
Answer: Two or more atoms of the same element that are chemically bonded, such as these two nitrogen atoms, are known as a molecule. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
- Predict the type of chemical bond that may form between two nonmetals. Answer: Covalent bonding occurs between two or more nonmetals sharing electrons. Bloom's Taxonomy: 5-6) Evaluating/Creating Learning Outcome: 2.
16
How do nonpolar covalent bonds differ from polar covalent bonds? Answer: In a nonpolar covalent molecule, the nonmetals sharing electrons have nearly equal electronegativities. The electrons are shared equally. In a polar covalent molecule, the more electronegative nonmetal does not share electrons equally with other nonmetal atoms participating in the bond. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Explain the difference between potential and kinetic energy. Answer: Potential energy is energy that is stored, ready to be released and used to do work. Potential energy becomes kinetic energy when it is used to do work. Kinetic energy is energy of motion. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Predict the effect of a 101°F fever on reaction rate. Answer: Increased temperature increases the kinetic energy of atoms involved in a chemical reaction. More forceful and effective collisions between atoms result in an increase in reaction rate. Bloom's Taxonomy: 5-6) Evaluating/Creating Learning Outcome: 2.
Define activation energy (Ea).
Answer: Activation energy is the energy input required to overcome the repulsion of the atom's electrons and to allow an adequately strong collision to occur. All reactions must overcome activation energy to proceed. Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Explain how water interacts with hydrophobic and hydrophilic substances. Which type of substance is more likely to be dissolved by water? Answer: Water is only able to dissolve substances that are hydrophilic. Hydrophilic substances have fully or partially charged ends that make it possible for water molecules to grab. Hydrophobic substances do not dissolve in water since they lack the charged ends necessary for water to grab. Water is more likely to dissolve hydrophilic substances. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Describe the organization of the pH scale, including the locations of acids, bases, and neutral chemicals. Answer: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Acids are situated below 7 while bases or alkaline substances are found above 7. The more hydrogen ions present in solution, the lower the pH of the chemical. At a pH of 7, a chemical is said to be neutral as equal amounts of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are released. Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
17
What is the role of ATP in the cell? Answer: ATP stores chemical energy in its bonds and is the main source of chemical energy in the body. Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
In a solution, the solute dissolves the solvent. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
An atom with an atomic number of 13 has satisfied the octet rule and is inert. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Hydrogen bonds are strong attractions between nonpolar covalent molecules. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
The strongest type of chemical bond is a covalent bond because electrons are shared between two or more nonmetals. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
The two general types of energy are potential energy and kinetic energy. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
The digestion of food is exergonic since chemical bonds are broken and energy is released. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Enzymes bind with substrates at their active sites and are permanently altered by the binding process. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
19
Due to the low heat capacity of water, the human body is resistant to overheating and cooling down quickly. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
A base is a hydrogen ion acceptor while an acid is a hydrogen ion donor. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Solutions with a pH less than 7 are considered basic or alkaline. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Growing new muscle proteins through the assembly of amino acids is a type of dehydration synthesis reaction. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Like the carbohydrates, lipids have twice the hydrogen atoms as carbon and oxygen atoms in their molecular structures. Answer: FALSE Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4) Applying/Analyzing Learning Outcome: 2.
Polypeptide chains that contribute to a protein's quaternary structure each have their own primary, secondary, and tertiary structures. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
Energy is released when ATP is broken down into ADP. Answer: TRUE Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2) Remembering/Understanding Learning Outcome: 2.
20
Ch 02 test bank - answers
Course: Anatomy and Physiology I (BIOL 2401 )
University: Collin College
- Discover more from:
