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EXAM 4 - Mental Health - Schizophrenia
Mental Health Nursing II (NSG 221)
Herzing University
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- Schizophrenia Manifestations
Bizarre thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements, and behavior
- Schizophrenia Clinical Course
Usually Diagnosed in late adolescence or early adult- hood, More common in men. Shorter life expectancy. High Incidence of Substance abuse, homelessness, and sui- cide. Onset can be abrupt or insidious. Diagnosis occurs when positive symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking (psychosis) appear. The younger the person is when symptoms appear, the often worse the symptoms are.
- Schizoaffective Disorder
diagnosed when the client is severely ill and has a mixture of psychotic and mood symptoms. The signs and symp- toms include those of both schizophrenia and a mood dis- order such as depression or bipolar disorder. The symp- toms may occur simultaneously or may alternate between psychotic and mood disorder symptoms.
- Schizophrenia Positive/Hard Symptoms
Delusions, hallucinations, and grossly disorganized think- ing, speech, and behavior. Ambivalence, Associative Looseness, Delusions, Echopraxia, Flight of Ideas, Hal- lucinations, Ideas of Reference, Perseveration, Bizarre Behavior
- Schizophrenia Negative/Soft Symptoms
Flat affect, lack of volition, and social withdrawal or dis- comfort. Alogia, Anhedonia, Apathy, Blunted Effect, Cata- tonia, Flat Effect, Avolition or Lack of Volition, Inattention
Ambivalence Holding seemingly contradictory beliefs or feelings about the same person, event, or situation
Associative Looseness
Fragmented or poorly related thoughts and ideas
Delusions Fixed False Beliefs that have no basis in reality
Echopraxia Imitation of the movements and gestures of another per- son whom the client is observing
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Flight of Ideas Continuous flow of verbalization in which the person jumps rapidly from one topic to another
Hallucinations False sensory perceptions or perceptual experiences that do not exist in reality
Ideas of Refer- ence
False impressions that external events have special mean- ing for the person
Bizarre Behavior Outlandish appearance or clothing. Repetitive or stereo- typed, seemingly purposeless movements. Unusual social or sexual behavior
Alogia Tendency to speak little or to convey little substance of meaning (poverty of content)
Anhedonia Feeling no joy or pleasure from life or any activities, or relationships
Apathy Feelings of indifference toward people, activities, and events
Asociality Social withdrawal, few or no relationships, lack of close- ness
Blunted Effect Restricted range of emotional feeling, tone, or mood
Catatonia Psychologically induced immobility occasionally marked by periods of agitation or excitement. The client seems motionless, as if in a trance
Flat Affect Absence of any facial expression that would indicate emo- tions or mood
Avolition or Lack of Volition
Absence of will, ambition, or drive to take action or accom- plish tasks
- Inattention Inability to concentrate or focus on a topic or activity, regardless of its importance
Study online at quizlet/_bsxew Cognitive En- hancement Ther- apy (CET)
Combines computer-based cognitive training with group sessions that allow clients to practice and develop social skills. It is designed to remediate or improve the client's social and neurocognitive deficits such as attention, mem- ory, and information processing. Has also been effective in decreasing substance misuse in schizophrenia
- Family Education in Schizophrenia
Family education and therapy are known to diminish the negative effects and reduce the relapse rate in schizo- phrenia. Families often have a difficult time coping with the complex and ramifications of the illness, which creates stress in the family. Family members can also benefit from supportive environments
Word Salad Jumbles words and phrases that are disconnected or inco- herent and make no sense to the listener. "Corn, potatoes, jump up, play games, grass, cupboard."
Echolalia Repetition or imitation of what someone else says. Like if the nurse says "can you tell me how you are feeling?" the client would respond "can you tell me how you're feel, how you're feeling?"
Clang associa- tions
Ideas that are related to one another based on sound or rhyming rather than meaning "I will take a pill if I go up the hill, but not if my name is Jill, I don't want to kill"
- Latency of re- sponse
Hesitation before responding. May last 30-45 seconds and usually indicates the client's difficulty with cognition or thought process
Neologisms Words invented by the client "I'm afraid of grittiz. If there are any grittiz here, I will have to leave. Are you a grittiz?"
Verbigeration The stereotyped repetition of words or phrases that may or may not have meaning to the listener. "I want to go home, go home, go home"
Stilted Language Use of words or phrases that are flowery, excessive, and pompous. "would you be so kind, as a representative of
Study online at quizlet/_bsxew Florence Nightingale, as to do me the honor of providing me with just a wee bit of refreshment, perhaps in the form of some clear spring water?"
- Persecutory/Para- noid Delusions
Involve the client's belief that others are planning to harm them or are spying, following, ridiculing, or belittling the client.
- Grandiose Delu- sions
The client's claim to association with famous people or celebrities or the client's belief that they are famous or capable of great feats
- Religious Delu- sions
Often center around the second coming of Christ or anoth- er significant religious figure or prophet. Appear suddenly as part of the client's psychosis and are not part of their religious faith
- Somatic Delu- sions
Generally vague and unrealistic beliefs about the client's health or bodily functions. Factual information or diagnos- tic testing does not change their beliefs
Sexual Delusions Involve the client's belief that their sexual behavior is known to others. That the client is a rapist, prostitute, or pedophile, or is pregnant, or that their excessive mastur- bation led to insanity
Nihilistic Delu- sions
The client's belief that their organs are not functioning or are rotting away, or that some body part of feature is horribly disfigured or misshapen
- Referential Delu- sions
Ideas of reference involve the client's belief that television broadcasts, music, or newspaper articles have special meaning for them
- Auditory Halluci- nations
Most common type, involve the patient hearing sounds, voices, talking about or to the client
- Visual Hallucina- tions
Seeing images that do not exist at all. Such as lights, a dead person, or monsters. Second most common
EXAM 4 - Mental Health - Schizophrenia
Course: Mental Health Nursing II (NSG 221)
University: Herzing University
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