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Lab report-3 - lab report for an assignment.
Introductory Chemistry (CHM 1025)
Pasco-Hernando State College
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Reactions in Our World Lab Report
Instructions: In this laboratory activity, you will be comparing chemical reactions to nuclear reactions by observing chemical phenomena in action. To prepare for your observations and data collection, you must complete the pre-lab activity worksheet that goes with this lab. Otherwise, you will not have the chemical equations you need to match each chemical reaction. Fill in each section of this lab report and submit it to your instructor for grading.
Title: Reactions in Our World
Objective(s): To compare the chemical and nuclear reactions by observing the
chemical makings in an online lab.
Hypothesis: The reactions between two different types of chemical compounds
will vary, taking into consideration their own chemical makeups and properties.
- You will complete your hypotheses using the chart below and the balanced equations from your pre-lab activity. In each row, predict the reaction type(s) for each chemical reaction. Reaction type options are synthesis, decomposition, single displacement, double displacement, acid-base reaction, combustion, and oxidation-reduction. Some reactions can fit more than one type of reaction.
Chemical Reaction Prediction of Reaction Type Iron and copper (II) sulfate solution
I predict the reaction between iron and copper sulfate will yield a single displacement reaction/s. Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide solutions
I predict the reaction between lead and potassium iodide will yield a double displacement reaction/s. Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid solution
I predict the reaction between magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid will yield a single displacement reaction/s. Electrolysis of water I predict the reaction between oxygen and hydrogen will yield an oxidation reaction/s. Burning magnesium I predict the reaction between magnesium and heat will yield a synthesis reaction/s.
Procedures:
Access the virtual lab and complete all sections of the experiments. A summary of steps has been provided for you. List and explain your controlled variables, independent variable, and dependent variable for this lab.
Materials:
Reactions in our World Virtual Lab
Variables:
List your controlled variables, independent variable, and dependent variable for each experiment in the chart below. Remember, controlled variables are factors that remain the same throughout the experiment. An independent (test) variable changes so that the experimenter can see the effect on other variables. The dependent (outcome) variable will change in response to the test variable.
Chemical Reaction Controlled Variables
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable Iron and copper (II) sulfate solution Iron Iron Copper Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide solutions
Lead Lead Potassium iodide Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid solution
Magnesium metal
Magnesium metal
Hydrochloric acid Electrolysis of water Hydrogen Hydrogen Oxygen Burning magnesium Heat Heat Magnesium
Summary of Steps:
Iron and copper (II) sulfate solution Fill a small test tube halfway with copper (II) sulfate solution. Add a 2-gram iron rod to the solution and observe the reaction.
Lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide solutions Pour about 2 mL of lead (II) nitrate into the test tube. Add 5 to 10 drops of potassium iodide solution to the test tube and record your observations of the reaction.
Magnesium metal and hydrochloric acid solution Place one scoop of magnesium turnings into the test tube. Add hydrochloric acid slowly and observe the reaction. Next, place a burning splint near the mouth of the test tube to test for the presence of hydrogen gas.
Electrolysis of water Use a U-tube with electrodes at each end, connected to a battery. Fill the U-tube
Conclusion:
Write a conclusion statement that addresses the following questions:
Summarize your observations of each reaction. Based on the products made, were your predictions of chemical reaction type correct? Some of the reactions you conducted can be categorized as more than one type of reaction. Which reactions are these, and what are the types of reactions?
How do you think the investigation can be explored further?
Through the several different reactions between several different substances that I observed, there were two types of main reactions that were formed for the burning of magnesium, synthesis and combustion. Because the magnesium burning can be classified as either synthesis or combustion, my predictions were true. One could further explore this type of experiment by bringing more factors into it. There are several other types of reactions in our world that we can experience, observe and further learn from. For example, there could be more reactions added that would form combination, since we didn’t experience one, or more of decomposition of synthesis reactions in order to see how different components react differently.
Post-Lab Reflection Questions
Answer the reflection questions using what you have learned from the lesson and your experimental data. It will be helpful to refer to your chemistry journal notes. Answer questions in complete sentences.
If you were to measure the mass of magnesium and hydrochloric acid before combining them in the test tube, how would that mass compare to the mass of reactants left in the test tube after the reaction? Explain your answer and how it corresponds to the law of conservation of mass. If you were to measure the mass of magnesium and hydrochloric acid before mixing them in a test tube, generally speaking the masses left after the reaction should be the same as before they were placed into the testing tube. Due to the Law of Conservation of mass, which was learned constantly throughout the modules, the masses would stay the same throughout the experiment because even when matter is changed, the total mass remains the same.
In what other ways could you test your predictions to confirm their accuracy? There are some other ways to go into detail on whether or not the predictions made before the experiment are accurate. A much complex way would be to take into consideration the balanced equations of each reaction and compare them to expose what type of reaction formed. Another way, which follows the rules of science to make sure evidence is entirely accurate, is repeating the experiment to observe again if the same results and characteristics of the substances are shown.
How do the chemical reactions in this lab activity compare to nuclear reactions, such as fission and fusion?
It is apparent that nuclear reactions are much larger and serious than the chemical reactions experienced in this lab that were much simpler. When nuclear energy is released from a given reaction in an experiment, the nuclei release very quickly and powerfully in large amounts to create a stronger and complex reaction. Compared to a simple combustion reaction, which releases energy very slowly and timely.
Lab report-3 - lab report for an assignment.
Course: Introductory Chemistry (CHM 1025)
University: Pasco-Hernando State College
