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Blueprint for Community Health Final Exam

Exam Blueprint
Course

Community Health Nursing (NURS 440)

8 Documents
Students shared 8 documents in this course
Academic year: 2022/2023
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Reighann Camacho
Texas Lutheran University
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Blueprint for NURS 440 Final Exam

Chapter 1 – Community and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health

  1. What is the primary focus of public health nursing? Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
  • Health care of communities and populations
  1. What was responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20th century? Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20 th century?
  • Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs
  1. Know the basic assumption of public health efforts? Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
  • The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community
  1. What is the definition of an aggregate? Which of the following best defines aggregate? -A collection of people who share one or more characteristics **An aggregate is defined as a collection of people who share one or more personal or environmental characteristics, such as geography or special interest
  2. What is the responsibilities of a public health nurse when doing her role? Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nurse?
  • Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment Which of the following public health nurses most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this role?
  • The nurse who spent the day attending meeting of various health agencies
  1. Why is it important for a nurse to spend time with community groups?
  2. Why would a nurse spend time meeting with community groups? The public health nurse has a clear vision of what needs to be done and where to begin to improve the health of the community. Why would the nurse spend time meeting with community groups to discuss the most important task to be addressed first?
  • To work with the groups, not for the groups

Chapter 2 – The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing 6. Know which nurse is famous for creating public health nursing in the U.? Which of the following nurses is famous for creating public health nursing in the United States?

  • Lillian Ward
  1. Know why nurses were so unprepared for public health nursing in the 20th century? Why were nurses so unprepared for public health nursing in the early twentieth century?
  • Nurses were educated in diploma schools, which focused on hospital nursing
  1. Know what branch of the service would a nursing student most like to join during World War II? A nursing student during World War II would likely join which group?
  • The Cadet Nurse Corps
  1. Know why public health nurses are involved in healthcare reform? A public health nurse is involved in health care reform. Which of the following best explains why the nurse is involved in these efforts?
  • To help improve health care access
  1. How did Florence Nightingale help bring about community health nursing? How did Florence Nightingale help bring about community health nursing? (SATA)
  • She focused on all soldiers and their environment -She kept careful records on what was done and what were the results
  1. Who was Mary Breckinridge and what was her contribution to nursing? A nurse working with Mary Breckinridge would have likely assisted with: (SATA)
  • Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of rural populations -Ensuring positive outcomes for pregnancies among women in the Appalachian region
  1. How did nursing education change in the 1950s? How did nursing education change in the 1950s? (SATA)
  • Baccalaureate nursing programs typically included public health nursing concepts -Junior and community colleges began offering nursing programs

Chapter 6 – Ethics in Public and Community Health Nursing Practice 13. What is considered the nursing’s first code of ethics? Which of the following is generally considered to be nursing’s first code of ethics?

  • Nightingale Pledge
  1. What would be considered the first and most crucial step in a generic ethical decision- making process? Which of the following is the first and most crucial step in the ethical decision-making process? -Identify the ethical concerns -The first step in the ethical decision-making framework is to carefully identify the ethical issue or dilemma **
  2. Why is it important for a community health nurse to understand a family’s culture so the family can make a proper decision that requires medical intervention? A nurse is asked to meet with a family who recently immigrated from Botswana (Africa). After the physician tells the husband the wife’s diagnosis of breast cancer, the family thanks the physician and started to leave. Ethically, which of the following is the nurse’s most important action?
  • Interviewing the family concerning their perspective of the threat to the family’s well-being.

The nurse learns that a family has declined an elective medical intervention for a health care problem because paying for the care would drastically reduce the family’s resources and ability to meet the needs of other family members. Ethically, which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

  • Appreciate that the family has made the decision that it feels is best and take no further action if it is clear the family has made an informed choice.
  1. How are ethics and public policies similar? How are ethics and public policies similar?

A family from Mexico comes to the public health department. No one in the family speaks English, and nobody at the health department speaks Spanish. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

  • Obtain an interpreter to translate The nurse is caring for a Spanish-speaking patient that speaks no English. What action should the nurse take when using an interpreter for communication with this patient? -Maintain eye contact with the patient.
  1. How is religion seen as a punishment from God? How would a nurse help this client not see this in a negative manner? A client is crying softly and saying, “What did I do to deserve this punishment Lord?” Which of the following responses by the nurse would be the most appropriate?
  • “What can I do to be helpful to you right now?” A patient in the hospice unit has fewer than 3 months to live. The patient states, "I have been good all my life ... I do not know why God is punishing me like this." What is the most appropriate action for the nurse? -Stay with the patient and provide presence
  1. What type of food would be given to a patient who is of Buddhist faith? A Buddhist patient enters the hospital for diagnostic testing just before lunch time. The nurse tells the aide to give a meal tray to the new patient, because no tests will be done until later that evening. The aide gives the patient a meal of Salisbury steak, bread, green beans, and potatoes with brown gravy. The patient eats nothing but a slice of bread and the green beans. Which of the following considerations was omitted by the nurse?
  • The patient’s Buddhist faith probably requires a vegetarian diet.

  1. What is cultural accommodation and how does it help a patient to practice their faith? For a bedridden Muslim patient, the nurse rearranges the room and moves the bed so that it faces toward Mecca for the patients daily prayers. Which of the following is the nurse demonstrating through these actions? ** -Accommodation To meet a clients needs, it is sometimes necessary to integrate into the clients care a culturally relevant practice that lacks scientific utility. This is known as cultural: -Accommodation A Mexican American mother insists on using special candles to help her daughters ear infection. The nurse asks the mother if she would also give her daughter antibiotics. This is called cultural: -Accommodation Describe cultural accommodation, what is an example? -This is assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling nurse actions and decisions that help patients of a particular culture accept nursing strategies or negotiate with nurses to achieve satisfying health outcomes

  2. Know and be able to apply when an intervention is considered primary, secondary or tertiary prevention.

When teaching a nutrition class to a student group with a large Hispanic population, the school nurse incorporates food such as salsa and other health dishes familiar to Hispanic students into the presentation. Which of the following best describes the action take by the nurse?

  • Primary prevention Which of the following best describes ideal primary health care? -Essential care available to all community members, which encourages self-management Primary health care is generally defined as essential care made universally accessible to individuals and families in a community with their full participation and at a cost that the community can afford Implementing a community-level program, such as walking for exercise, to assist citizens in improving health behaviors is an example of which level of prevention? -Primary prevention What level of prevention does a screening examination, required for each school athlete before being active in school sports represent? -Secondary prevention The nurse decides to educate all staff about the organism, including how it is transmitted and prevention strategies. This level of prevention is: -Primary A school nurse wants to decrease the incidence of obesity in elementary school children. Which of the following describes a secondary prevention intervention that the nurse could implement? -Weighing students to identify those are who are overweight A nurse advises a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used by the nurse? -Tertiary prevention Primary Prevention To promote health and prevent the development of disease (incidence) and using specific measures to prevent disease in those who are predisposed to developing a particular condition Examples: immunizations, smoking cessation, seat belt promotion, child car seat restraints, prenatal classes, family planning, nutrition education IMMUNIZATIONS PREVENT IT BEFORE IT HAPPENS Secondary Prevention Stopping the progress of disease by early detection and treatment thus reducing prevalence and chronicity Examples: BP screenings, breast/testicular exams, hearing/vision screening SCREENINGS PREVENT THE SPREAD OF DISEASE ONCE IT OCCURS Tertiary Prevention Stopping deterioration in a patient, a relapse or disability and dependency by anticipatory nursing and medical care Examples: support groups, counseling, exercise, rehab PHYSICAL AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REDUCE COMPLICATIONS AND DISABILITIES

  • Agent: the causal agent is a factor, present or lacking, that causes or contributes to a health problem or condition

  1. Know which is the most probable cause of the increase in new emerging infectious diseases? Which of the following is the most probable cause of the increase in new emerging infectious diseases? -Activities or behavior of humans, including changes in the environment
  2. Know which of the following public health actions has been particularly instrumental in reducing childhood infectious diseases in the United States? Which of the following public health actions has been particularly instrumental in reducing childhood infectious diseases in the United States? -“No shots, no school” legislation, which legally requires children to be immunized before school
  3. Know which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease in the United States? Which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease in the US? -Lyme Disease
  4. Know which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease worldwide? Which of the following is the most common vector-borne disease worldwide? * -Malaria

Ch. 12 – Communicable & Infectious Disease 40. Know which of the following provides the best explanation as to why people do not immediately seek medical treatment when they first become ill with HIV? Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why people do not immediately seek medical treatment when they first become ill with HIV? -They don’t recognize their symptoms as possibly being due to HIV 41. Know how AIDS is diagnosed? A student asks the nurse at the student health clinic how AIDS is diagnosed. Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse?

  • A diagnosis of AIDS is made when CD4 T lymphocytes drop to less than 200/ml
  1. Know which group is most affected by a new HIV diagnosis? In the United States, which demographic group has the highest risk for HIV infection?
  • White homosexual men
  1. Know what signs and symptoms might be seen in a patient with secondary syphilis? A client is being treated for secondary syphilis. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse anticipate the client would exhibit? ** -Skin rash without itching
  2. Know why is chlamydia is a major focus of public health efforts? Which of the following best explains why chlamydia is a major focus of public health efforts?
  • It can cause problems in infants born to infected mothers
  1. Know the difference between Hepatitis B than HIV? Which of the following statements best explains why many health care providers are more afraid of getting hepatitis B than HIV?
  • There is no treatment for HIV which can be a very serious illness
  1. Know signs and symptoms related to TB and the importance of medication compliance? A client with tuberculosis (TB) asks why the nurse is required to watch the client swallow the medication each day. Which of the following statements is the best response by the nurse?
  • This therapy is recommended to make sure that you receive the treatment you need and the infection doesn’t become resistant to the drugs.

Chapter 13 – Community Assessment and Evaluation 47. What steps would a nurse take to ensure acceptance when working in a community. A community health nurse is beginning to work with a newly assigned community. Which of the following would be appropriate actions for the nurse to take to help ensure acceptance? (SATA)

  • Asking those with whom the nurse interacts in the course of daily living their perception of the community (Ex: clerks in grocery stores or pharmacists)
  • Attending community events, such as festivals or fairs and interacting with participants
  1. A nurse is working in a community trying to determine what health problems have been improved and interventions have helped. What type of data should the nurse examine to make this determination? A nurse wants to determine whether health problems have been improved and interventions have been appropriate and successful over a period of time. Which of the following data should the nurse examine? (SATA)
  • Demographic data
  • Environmental factors

Chapter 16– Disaster Management 49. Know when does a nurse attempt to minimize damage control following a bioterrorism attach in her community and what would be most crucial to consider? A nurse is attempting to minimize damage following a bioterrorism attack in the community. Which of the following would be the most crucial aspect for the nurse to consider?

  • Detecting an increase in people with similar signs and symptoms
  1. What is considered the Honeymoon phase following a disaster and what do its members do in their community? A community is experiencing the Honeymoon phase following a disaster. Which of the following is most likely to occur in the community?
  • Survivors share their stories
  1. Know who would a nurse assist first should they come upon a disaster scene and saw people injured? A nurse was the first on the scene of a disaster and saw people with injuries ranging from minor to serious. Some of those with minor injuries were helping others. Which of the following injured persons would the nurse assist first?
  • Those who have life-threatening abdominal injuries

Which of the following is the most accurate description of a migrant farmworker?

  • a person who moves from place to place to earn money performing seasonal agricultural work
  1. Know what stress factors contribute to migrant farmworker families? An employer provides a migrant farm family the day off to visit the health clinic in a nearby community and tells them to take all of the time they need. However, the family arrives at the clinic appearing very stressed. In addition to the health issue, which of the following would most likely be a fear experienced by the family?
  • They weren’t getting paid for that day and continued employment is never certain.
  1. Know the rationale as to why children of farmworkers work in the fields? A migrant farmworker brings his daughter into the clinic with severe heat stroke from being out in the sun. The nurse explains the danger signs and stresses staying cool and drinking lots of water. The man seems to know this already. Which of the following best describes the most likely reason that this happened? -children may work on small farms because the family may need the additional income
  2. Know which conditions of the rural environment provide an increased opportunity for teaching? Which of the following conditions of the rural environment provides increased opportunities for teaching? -involvement in rural community activities provides more contact with community residents than in urban areas

Chapter 25– Poverty, Homelessness, Teen Pregnancy, and Mental Illness 64. Know which population experiences the highest incidence of poverty? Which of the following racial groups experiences the highest incidence of poverty?

  • Blacks Which of the following populations experiences the highest incidence of poverty? -Those under the age of 18
  1. Know the effects of the homeless on health in particular children? A school nurse was talking to the teacher of an 8-year-old child who was living with her mother in their car. Which of the following concerns would lead the nurse to talk to the teacher about the child?
  • Concern that the child has developmental delays The nurse educator knows the nursing student understands the effect of homelessness on the health of children when the nursing student identifies which of the following? -"Homeless children are four times more likely to become ill."
  1. Know why health care of the homeless can be so expensive to the community? Which of the following statements best describes why health care of the homeless is so expensive to the community?
  • Most care to homeless people takes place in hospital emergency departments.
  1. Know how a nurse works with the homeless individuals when dealing with chronic wounds?

The nurse who works at a homeless clinic wants to improve healing of chronic wounds in clients living on the streets. Which of the following would be the best action to take to improve client outcomes? -offer daily access to a room with soap, water and bandages 68. Know what is the leading cause of disability for individuals 15 to 44 years of age? Which of the following is the leading cause of disability for Americans 15-44 years of age?

  • Major depressive disorder
  1. What age group is most at risk for suicide? Which of the following groups is most at risk for suicide?
  • Men over age 85
  1. A nurse is working with older adults at risk for depression, what types of interventions could a nurse implement to help them with this risk? A nurse is trying to decrease the risk for depression among older adults. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
  • Organize an exercise and health promotion at the local senior citizen center

Chapter 26– Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Problems in the Community 71. Know the risk factors for alcoholism? A school health nurse is asking by a parent group to explain risk factors for alcoholism. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

  • Alcoholism is determined partly by genetic factors
  1. Know the signs and symptoms associated with the use of illicit drug use? Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug in the united states. The nurse should be aware that marijuana has which of the following characteristics? (SATA)
  • May lead to tolerance
  • Had little quality control
  • Is a safe therapeutic agent

Chapter 27 – Violence and Human Abuse 73. Know what is the primary reason for some countries to have more violence than others? Which of the following statements is the best explanation as to why some countries are more violent than others?

  • Violence is a learned behavior controlled or allowed by social norms
  1. Know what type of person would be a higher risk for being assaulted? Which of the following persons is most likely to be assaulted?
  • A young man
  1. Know what is the most likely reason for a man to rape a woman? Which of the following is the most likely reason for a man to rape a woman?
  • For power and control
  1. Know what feeling is most expressed by a person who has been raped? A nurse is counseling a women following a rape. Which of the following feelings is the woman most likely to state she felt while being raped?
  • Helplessness

A public health nurse is determining what type of programming should be developed for the community. Which of the following is the most crucial factor that will influence program development? -Federal funding for priority diseases or groups Which of the following best describes the cost of health care in the United States? -Health care costs are the highest in the world, but the indicators of health care not the best worldwide Which of the following best describes ideal primary health care? ** -Essential care available to all community members, which encourages self-management A nurse advises a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used by the nurse? ** -Tertiary prevention Which of the following is considered the most important goal in nursing today? -Demonstrating caring as the basis of nursing practice A nurse states “the best way to treat a client from another country is to care for them the same way we would want to be cared for. After all, we are all humans with the same wants and needs.” What does this statement reflect in relation to culture? ** -Blindness Which of the following statistics is used by countries to compare the success of their health care systems? -Infant mortality rate A nurse is examining all of the various factors which can lead to disease. Which of the following models would the nurse most likely use? ** -Epidemiologic triangle A nurse is investigating bacteria that have caused a health problem in the community. Only some of the people exposed to the bacteria have become ill. What could account for this? ** -Host factors Which of the following sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented through immunization? ** -Hepatitis B A nurse explained to a new mother that because she had tested positive for the hepatitis B virus, her newborn son would need the hepatitis B vaccine immediately and then also an immune globulin inject. Wait, said the new mother. Why is my son getting two shots? Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse? -One injection protects your son, while the other encourages his body to build up immunity A nurse was reading PPD tests 24 hours after another nurse had administered them. Which of the following findings would cause the nurse to interpret the test as positive? -10 mm of swelling and increased firmness in a client recently released from a correctional facility A nurse is providing an educational program about testicular self-examination (TSE). Which of the following would be the best learning objective for this program? -90% of men will correctly demonstrate testicular self-examination

A nurse is planning an education program about cardiovascular disease. Which of the following would be the optimal time for the nurse to elicit feedback from program participants? -throughout the program

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Blueprint for Community Health Final Exam

Course: Community Health Nursing (NURS 440)

8 Documents
Students shared 8 documents in this course

University: Texas Lutheran University

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Blueprint for NURS 440 Final Exam
Chapter 1 – Community and Prevention-Oriented Practice to Improve Population Health
1. What is the primary focus of public health nursing?
Which of the following is the primary focus of public health nursing?
-Health care of communities and populations
2. What was responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the 20th
century?
Which of the following is responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the
20th century?
-Sanitation and other population-based prevention programs
3. Know the basic assumption of public health efforts?
Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
-The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community
4. What is the definition of an aggregate?
Which of the following best defines aggregate?
-A collection of people who share one or more characteristics
**An aggregate is defined as a collection of people who share one or more personal or environmental
characteristics, such as geography or special interest
5. What is the responsibilities of a public health nurse when doing her role?
Which of the following actions would most likely be performed by a public health nurse?
-Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
Which of the following public health nurses most clearly fulfills the responsibilities of this
role?
-The nurse who spent the day attending meeting of various health agencies
6. Why is it important for a nurse to spend time with community groups?
7. Why would a nurse spend time meeting with community groups?
The public health nurse has a clear vision of what needs to be done and where to begin to
improve the health of the community. Why would the nurse spend time meeting with
community groups to discuss the most important task to be addressed first?
-To work with the groups, not for the groups
Chapter 2 – The History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing
6. Know which nurse is famous for creating public health nursing in the U.S.?
Which of the following nurses is famous for creating public health nursing in the United
States?
-Lillian Ward
7. Know why nurses were so unprepared for public health nursing in the 20th century?
Why were nurses so unprepared for public health nursing in the early twentieth century?
-Nurses were educated in diploma schools, which focused on hospital nursing
8. Know what branch of the service would a nursing student most like to join during
World War II?
A nursing student during World War II would likely join which group?
-The Cadet Nurse Corps

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