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EES-150 Review for Exam 1
Earthquakes & Volcanoes (EES150)
University of Kentucky
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EES-
Fall 2019
Review for Exam 1
Key concepts for each lesson:
Lesson 1: Natural Disasters & How We Study Them Define the study of geology. Identify an event as being a natural disaster as opposed to a natural event, or non-natural disaster. Explain and apply the scientific method. Distinguish between a hypothesis, a theory, and a law
Lesson 2: Our Restless Planet: Origin, Structure, Energy, and Change Explain the difference between a mineral and a rock. Identify three types of rocks, and use the rock cycle to explain how one type of rock can be transformed into another. Give examples of how our planet constantly changes, especially as part of the hydrologic and tectonic systems. Identify the four sources of energy on our planet: Sun, radioactive decay, gravity, impact by extraterrestrial objects Identify the main sources of energy driving the hydrologic cycle. Identify the main sources of energy driving the tectonic system. Use latitude and longitude to locate places on the planet.
Lesson 3: Continental Drift? A Century-Old Debate Define and identify layers of the Earth based on both composition and physical properties, and explain differences between these two ways of subdividing Earth’s layers. Identify some prominent features of the oceanic and continental crust, and determine which are rare, and which are common: Mountains, Deep Ocean Trenches, Mid-ocean Ridges, Volcanic Island Chains Define “continental drift” and discuss how it came to be proposed using evidence such as the fit of continents, fossil distribution, glaciation patterns, and paleoclimate distribution Identify the approximate position of today’s continents during the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea.
Lesson 4: Modern Evidence of Shifting Continents Identify and determine the differences between oceanic and continental plates. Explain the composition of tectonic plates in terms of the Earth’s layers. Explain types of evidence that support the idea of plate tectonics. For each type, how was it discovered, and what new clue did it provide? Magnetic properties of rocks The composition of the seafloor The age of the seafloor Seafloor spreading Sediment distribution on the seafloor
Heat flow of Earth’s surface GPS studies
Lesson 5: Plate Tectonics: Geology’s Unifying Theory Characterize the movement of Earth’s tectonic plates at three types of plate boundaries: Divergent, Convergent, Transform Identify the most common type of divergent plate boundary (mid-ocean ridges) and explain the relationship between them and continental rifting. Identify features found at mid-ocean ridges. Use the case studies of East Africa and the Basin and Range to identify features associated with areas of continental rifting. Explain the types of plate interactions that produce a subduction zone. Interpret the pattern of earthquake distributions that characterize a subduction zone. Predict the pattern of volcanic activity at a subduction zone, and distinguish between a volcanic arc and an island arc. Use the case studies of Japan, the Andes, and the Cascades to identify features found at subduction zones. Explain why the Pacific Ocean called the “Ring of Fire.” Identify differences between subduction and the collision of two continents. Explain why subduction does not occur in this situation. Use the case study of the Himalayas to identify features common to continent/continent convergent plate boundaries.
Lesson 6: Plate Tectonics: Geology’s Unifying Theory Explain the name “transform plate boundary” and demonstrate the sense of movement at this type of plate boundary. Predict the pattern of earthquake occurrence along this plate boundary. Identify the most common types of transform plate boundaries and explain their relationship to mid-ocean ridges. Use the case study of the San Andreas fault to identify common features of transform plate boundaries. Define the term “mantle plume.” Identify the mechanism by which the heat from these features is distributed to Earth’s crust. Use Hawaii and Yellowstone as case studies to identify features common to mantle plumes, as well as to identify features that are unique to mantle plumes beneath continental plates versus oceanic plates.
EES-150 Review for Exam 1
Course: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (EES150)
University: University of Kentucky
