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Summary Health: the Basics - Chapter 1-10,12-13
Course: Child, Adolescent, Adult Hlth (HED 329)
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University: University of Texas at Austin
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HED 329K—Chapter 1—Accessing Your Health
Introduction to Health
Sleep is one of the most commonly reported impediments to academic health
Mortality Rates: Proportion of deaths to population
Life expectancy: The average is 78.7 years in the U.S.; longer than the 47 years’ life expectancy in
the 1900’s. Expected number of life years at a given age.
Before vaccinations, antibiotics a third of all deaths were from infections, over 40% from children
less than 5 years old.
Infectious Diseases: Can spread from one person to another through contact with bodily fluids,
coughing, sneezing.
Chronic Diseases: A disease that begins slow but progresses over time and can be treated but
not cured with medicine. Ex: Heart disease, cancer and diabetes.
Obesity is increasingly prevalent and may reduce life expectancy in the U.S.
oFactors like high BP, smoking, elevated glucose reduce life expectancy 4.9 year in men
and 4.1 years in women.
Healthy Life Expectancy: Number of life years enjoyed without disability, chronic pain or illness.
oHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL): Multidimensional concept addressing the impact
that health has on social, emotional, mental, physical and overall quality of life.
Wellbeing: Positive aspects in a person’s life (ex: positive emotions).
Choosing Health Now Benefits Others
Health: Process of achieving individual potential in physical, social, emotional, mental, spiritual
and environmental domains.
Models include Medical Model and Public Health Model
Medical Model of Health
Health status focused on the individual and his or her tissues or organs.
Focused on treating ailments/diseases with medication or surgery.
Focused on treatment of disease and not prevention of disease.
Public Health Model
Ecological or Public Health Model: Viewed health and other negative events as a result of an
individual’s interaction with his/her social and physical environment (ex: poor diet, water quality,
bad housing).
oSteps to improve hygiene, sanitization, develop proper sewage systems.
Shift from individual illness treatment to disease prevention
Disease Prevention: Actions or behaviors designed to keep people from getting sick (ex: vaccines
and antibiotics).
oHealth was now newly defined as physical, mental and social well-being.
Health Promotion: Promote policies and programs that support good health. Helped identify
people engaging in risky behavior.
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