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List of Affixes
bahasa inggris
SMK Negeri 1 Batam
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List of Affixes
Prefix Meaning Example
a-
predicative adjective with progressive aspect awake, afloat, atremble
a-/an- not, without
acyclic, asexual, atonal, atheist, anemic Afro- relating to Africa Afro-American, Afro-Caribbean after- following after, behind afterglow, afterlife, aftermath ambi- both ambidextrous, ambitendency
amphi-
around, two, both, on both sides
amphiaster, amphitheatre, amphibian an-/ana- up, against anacardiaceous, anode, analog
Anglo- relating to England
Anglo-Norman, Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-American
ante- before
antenatal, antechamber, antedate
anti- against, opposite
anticlimax, anti-freeze, antiviral, antagonist, antivenom ap-/apo- away from, detached aphelion, apogee, apomorphine
arch-
ruling, dominating, most extreme
archangel, archaen, archconservative
astro- star
astrobiology, astrology, astronomy
auto- self
autobiography, automatic, autonomy back- behind backporch, backhoe, backfire
be-
equipped with, covered with, beset with
bedeviled, becalm, bedazzle, bewitch bi- two bicycle, biped bio- life, biological biology, biotic by- near to, next to byway, bypass, byproduct circum- around, surrounding circumlocution, circumnavigate cis- on this side of cislunar, cisgender
co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- together, with, joint
co-worker, coordinator, cooperation, cohabit, colleague, commingle, confederation, correlation
contra/o- opposite contradict, contraindication
counter-
against, in opposition to counteract, counterpart cryo- ice cryogenics crypto- hidden, secret cryptocurrency, cryptography
de-
reverse action, get rid of debug, de-emphasize de- down depress, descend demi- half demigod demo- people democracy, demography deuter- second deuteragonist, deuterogamy di- two dicotyledon, digamy, dioxide dia- through dialysis, diameter di-/dif-/dis- apart differ, dissect, divide
dis-
not, opposite of, reverse action
disagree, disloyal, disconnect, disinformation
down-
from higher/greater to lower/lesser download, downright, downbeat du-/duo- two dual, duet eco- ecological ecosystem
electro- electric, electricity
electro-analysis, electromagnetic el-/em-/en
- in ellipsis, emphasis, energetic
em-/en-
to make into, to put into, to get into empower, enmesh
ep-/epi-
upon, at, close upon, in addition
ephemeron, epicentre, epidermis Euro- European Eurocentric
ex- former
ex-wife, ex-husband, ex-boss, ex-colleague, ex-friend
ex- out of
exit, expel, explode, exploit, explore, export extra- outside extracurricular fore- before, in front forearm, forerunner, forebode
Franco- French, France
Francophile, Franco-British, Franco-German
geo-
relating to the earth or its surface geography, geology, geometry gyro- spinning on an axis gyrocopter, gyroscope,
off- non-standard, away off-color, offish, offset
omni- all
omnipotent, omnipresent, omnivore
on-
immediate proximity, locative
onset, onlook, ongoing, oncoming
ortho-
correcting or straightening orthodontics, orthotropic
out-
better, faster, longer, farther outreach, outcome, outlier over- excessive, above overreact, overact, overbearing paleo- old paleolithic
pan- all, worldwide
pan-African, pandemic, panorama para- beside, beyond parallel, paraplegic, parasail ped- foot pedal, pedestrian
per-
through, completely, wrongly, exceedingly permeate, permute
peri-
around, near or adjacent perihelion, periphrase photo- light photoelectric, photography pleo- more pleonasm, pleroma pod- foot podiatrist poly- many polygon, polyhedron
post- after, behind
postposition, post-election, post- graduation, post-war, postfix, postpone, postscript
pre- before
preposition, prevent, previous, pre-election, pre-enter, pre- select, predict, prepare, preview
preter-
beyond, past, more than preternatural pro- for, forward, in favor of propulsion, propound, proponent pro- for, substitute, deputy proconsul, pronoun pro- before procambium pros- toward prosthesis, prostrate, prose proto- first, original protoplasm, prototype pseudo- false, imitation pseudonym pyro- fire pyrokinetic, pyrotechnic quasi- partly, almost, appearing to be but not
quasi-religious
really re- again, back redo, revisit, rerun, reorganize retro- backwards retrograde self- self self-explanatory, self-sufficient semi- half semicircle socio- relating to society sociopath, social, sociological
step-
family relation by remarriage
stepbrother, stepfather, stepmother, stepsister
sub-/sup- below, under
submarine, subterranean, suburban, support super- above, over supervisor, superintendent supra- above, over suprarenal sur- above, over surreal, surrender, surplus sy-/syl-/sy m-/syn- together, with
syllable, symbol, synthesis, system
tele- at a distance
telegraph, telephone, telescope, television
trans- across, over
transatlantic, transverse, transform tri- three tricycle, tripartite twi- two twibill, twilight
uber- a lot, great
uberchic, ubergeek, ubersexual, uberwealthy
ultra- beyond
ultramagnetic, ultrasonic, ultraviolet
un-
not, against, opposite of, reverse action, deprive of, release from
undesirable, undo, unequal, unexpected, unhappy, unlock, unnecessary, untie
under-
below, beneath, lower in grade or dignity, lesser, insufficient
underachieve, underpass, understand, undergo
uni-
one, consisting of only one unicycle, universal up- greater, higher, better upgrade, uplift, upright
vice- deputy
vice-president, vice-principal, vice-admiral
with-
against, back, away from withstand, withhold
Derivation
al Suffix Meaning Example
-able able to be
excitable, portable, preventable
-ac pertaining to
cardiac, hemophiliac, maniac
-acity/-ocity quality of
perspicacity, sagacity, velocity
-ade
act, action or process, product
blockade, cavalcade, promenade
-age action or process
passage, pilgrimage, voyage
-aholic/-oholic one with an obsession for
workaholic, shopaholic, alcoholic
-al relating to
bacterial, theatrical, natural -algia pain neuralgia, nostalgia -an/-ian relating to, belonging to Italian, urban, African
-ance state or quality of
brilliance, defiance, annoyance
-ant a person who
applicant, immigrant, servant
-ant inclined to, tending to
brilliant, defiant, vigilant -ar of or relating to, being lunar, molecular, solar -ar a person who beggar, burglar, liar
-ard
a person who does an action
coward, sluggard, wizard
-arian a person who
disciplinarian, vegetarian, librarian
-arium/orium a place for
terrarium, aquarium, solarium
-ary of or relating to
literary, military, budgetary
-ate state or quality of
affectionate, desolate, obstinate
-ate makes the word a verb
activate, evaporate, medicate
-ation action or process
creation, narration, emancipation
-ative tending to
creative, preservative, talkative
-cide act of killing
homicide, suicide, genocide
-cracy rule, government, power
bureaucracy, aristocracy, theocracy
-crat someone who has power
aristocrat, bureaucrat, technocrat
-cule
diminutive, making something small molecule, ridicule
-cy state, condition or quality
efficiency, privacy, belligerency
-cycle circle, wheel
bicycle, recycle, tricycle
-dom condition of, state, realm
boredom, freedom, wisdom -dox belief, praise orthodox, paradox
-ectomy surgical removal of
appendectomy, hysterectomy
-ee receiver, performer
nominee, employee, devotee -eer associated with/engaged in engineer, volunteer
-emia blood condition
anemia, hypoglycemia, leukemia
-ence state or condition, action
absence, dependence, negligence
-ency condition or quality
clemency, dependency, efficiency
-ent
inclined to performing/causing, or one who performs/causes
competent, correspondent, absorbent -er action or process flutter, ponder, stutter
-er
a person who does an action
announcer, barber, teacher
-ern state or quality of
eastern, northern, western
completion, navigation
-(s/t)ion state or quality
attention, caution, confusion, fascination
-ious
having the qualities of, full of
ambitious, cautious, gracious -ish relating to, characteristic apish, brutish, childish
-ism state or quality
altruism, despotism, heroism
-ist
a person, one who does an action artist, linguist, pianist
-ite
resident of, follower, product of
suburbanite, luddite, dynamite -itis inflammation appendicitis, tonsillitis
-ity state, condition, or quality
abnormality, civility, necessity
-ive
inclined to, quality of, that which
attractive, expensive, repulsive
-ization act or process of making
colonization, fertilization, modernization
-ize cause, treat, become
antagonize, authorize, popularize
-less without
fearless, helpless, homeless -let version of booklet, droplet, inlet
-like resembling, characteristic
childlike, homelike, lifelike -ling younger or inferior duckling, underling
-loger/logist one who does
astrologer, cardiologist, chronologer -log speech dialog, monolog
-ly in what manner
badly, courageously, happily
-ment action, result
movement, placement, shipment
-ness state or quality
kindness, shyness, weakness
-oid resembling
humanoid, tabloid, hemorrhoid
-ology study of, science of
anthropology, archaeology, biology
-oma tumor, swelling
carcinoma, osteoma, hematoma
-onym name, word
synonym, antonym, homonym, heteronym, oronym
-opia eye defect
myopia, nyctalopia, hyperopia
-opsy examination
biopsy, autopsy, necropsy
-or a person who
inventor, legislator, translator
-ory relating to
armory, dormitory, laboratory
-osis process, diseased condition
diagnosis, prognosis, neurosis, psychosis
-ostomy/otomy surgical
colostomy, lobotomy, craniotomy
-ous full of
hazardous, humorous, wondrous
-path one who engages in
homeopath, naturopath, psychopath
-pathy feeling, diseased
sympathy, apathy, neuropathy
-phile one who loves
bibliophile, audiophile, pyrophile
-phobia abnormal fear of
acrophobia, claustrophobia, xenophobia
-phone sound
homophone, telephone, microphone
-phyte plant, to grow
zoophyte, cryptophyte, epiphyte -plegia paralysis paraplegia, quadriplegia,
List of Affixes
Course: bahasa inggris
University: SMK Negeri 1 Batam
