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Dhumapana FOR Class PDF
Bachelor of Ayurveda medicine and surgery (BAMS2013)
Kerala University of Health Sciences
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INTRODUCTION TO DHUMAPANA
The dumapana deals with the inhalation of herbal smoke which is rarely practiced today. It is used for the treatment, prevention and management of disease on head and neck region which is caused by kaphadushti and vatadushti.
धूमो इित दोषवैष᭥यं||
This is nirukthi of dhumapana. This oushadha prayoga is done through the Nasamarga. Dhumapana is mainly indicated for urdhajatrugata rogas. Charakacharya describe the dhumapana as a bheda of Nasya. But vagbhata and sarangadhara consider the dhumapana as a separate one. In Ashtanga hridaya vagbhatacharya says that one who is self retrained shall inhale dhuma for the prevention and elimination of diseases of the head and neck due to kapha and vata.
Vrana Karna Nasa Guda Yoni Gatra Dhumapana is also performed in the houses for disinfection of rooms. This will be called griha dhuma explain special variety of fumigation like those which promote the conception.
CLASSIFICATION OF DHUMAPANA
Classification of Dhumapana according to Charaka : Charakacharya considers the dhumapana as a bheda of nasya. Here, he divided dhumapana into three types.
Here, the dhumapana is divided into Prayogikam Snihikam Vairechanikam
But here in commentary Chakrapani datha clarifies that even if it is included in the bheda of Nasya, it can’t be considered as nasya due to mukhamargena panam.
Prayogika variety which is meant for habitat smoking is responsible for the maintenance of positive health; that is why timings of its administration are mentioned here. Some others hold
the view that these timings of its administration are mentioned here. Some others hold the view that these timings are prescribed for all the three varieties of smoking viz prayogika Snihika variety and vairechanika variety because all of them are responsible for the maintenance of positive health. The later two specially by preventing the occurrence of disease due to vata and kapha respectively.
Classification of Dhumapana according to Sushrutha: According to Sushrutha the dhumapana is divided into five. Prayogikam Snihikam Vairechanikam Kasagnam Vamaneeyam Here, the kasaghna and vamaneeum are the said by Sushruthacharya kasaghnam is indicated in kasaroga.
Classification Of Dhumapana according to Ashtangahridaya: According to Vagbhata the dhumapana is divided into three. They are:
Snigdha, Madhya and theekshna varieties are respectively used for the diseases due to vata, vatakapha and kapha.
Classification of Dhumapana according to Sharangadhara: According to Sharangadhara dhumapana is divided into:
Sharangadhara samhita contain six types of Dhumapana. They are: Shamanam Brimhanam Rechanam Kasagnam Vamanam Grahnadhumapana In padhabheda, it says that Grahnadhumapana is vranaropana. Grahnadhumapana means that inhalation through nose. These are the classifications mentioned by various acharyas.
CONTRA INDICATION OF DHUMAPANA
According to Ashtanga hridaya
Dhumapana (herbal smoke) is contraindicated in those with pitta and rakta vitiation, who have undergone purgation, those suffering from ascites, diabetes, defective vision, belching, distension of abdomen, rohini (a type of severe throat infection like diphtheria), those who have just undergone enematherapy and in those who havejust consumed fish, alcohol, curd, milk, honey, fat and poison. It is also ontraindicated in head injury, the anaemic and for those who have kept awake at night.
Smoking is contra-indicated in grief, exertion, fear, anger, heat, poison, intrinsic haemorrhage, narcosis, fainting, burning sensation, thirst, anaemia, dryness of palate, vomiting, head-injury, belching, desaturation, defects of vision,prameha, udararoga, flatulence, ürdhvavata and in the child, the 01(1, debilitated,purgated, enemated, awaking, the pregnant, rough, emaciated, chest—wound, aftertaking honey, ghee, curd, milk, fish, wine arid gruel and those having deficiency
Proper time for dhumapana
Mridu dhumapana (mild smoke) is administered at the end of sneezing, yawning, voiding of urine andfaeces, sexual intercourse, surgery, laughing and brushing of teeth. Madhyama dhuma (medium smoke) is administered in all these cases and after dinner and errhines. Virecanadhuma is indicated after sleep, nasya (errhines), anjana(coIlyrium), after bath and therapeutic emesis. Just as in the case of nasya which is conveniently divided into pratimarsa and marsa varieties. Depending upon use, quantity, potency etc; herbal smoke is also divided according to the drugs used which ultimately determine the potency of the procedure.
The first three. types of smoking should be used in twelve times—after sneezing. tooth-brushing, snuffing, bathing, eating, day-sleep, coitus, vomiting, urination, defaecation, laughing, anger and surgical operation. Of them, unctuoussmoking is used after passing urine and faeces, sneezing, laughing, anger andcoitus; evacuative one after bath, vomiting and day-sleep and general smoking isused after tooth-brushing, bath, eating and surgical operation
DHUMANETRA
The apparatus for dhumapana is made from the same material of vasti nozzle having 3 chambers and must be straight The base and tip must allow free movement of thumb and kolasthi respectively.
Described here is an ancient model of ‘hukka', which might have been in use in the days of Vagbhata. The benefits of his instrument are multifold. It helps to prevent heated smoke to directly gain access to the moist mucosa of respiratory tract, like a filter. The smoke inside these compartments is circulated in a peculiar circumcentric pattern, that cooling of the hot air is possible; besides leaving ample time and space for the heavy Suspended Particular Matter (SPM) to sediment inside these chambers. The chambers can be likened to the septa found inside bamboo. Thus, much of the ‘soot’ - carbon - is prevented from being inhaled. Chances of cancers and other diseases of the respiatry system are reduced too.
For tikshna, snehana and madhya dhuma, the dhuma netra of length 3 times, 4 times and 5 times of 8 angula are to be used respectively.
For thikshna dhuma, the dhuma netra shall be of 24 angulas (almost 36 Cms), for snehana dhuma it shall be of 32 angulas (48 cms) and for madhya dhuma it shall be 40 angulas(60 cms). Thus, It can be seen that the apparatus is of considerable length muck like Kashmirihukka. Further, it should be understood that it is longer in snehana dhuma and madhya dhuma than it is for thikshna dhuma which means that the shorter the tube is, the more ‘stronger’ the smoke will be, and the longer it is, the more mild it will be.
A hollow reed of twelve angulis long is covered over with one karsa of a nice paste of drugs of fumigation to a length of ten añgulis leaving bare a space two añgulis at any one end. It should be dried well in shade and the reed removed carefully. The roll of the paste is smeared with a little ghee and fixed to the nozile without breaking it. it is lit at one end and smoke drawn into the mouth. The smoke is later left out the mouth itself, or drawn through the nose and left out through the mouth.
One should smoke sitting comfortably, cheerful, looking straight and downwards and without idleness after introducing the smeared and ignited stick into the passage of the pipe. At first, smoke should be taken in through mouth and then through nostrils: smoke taken through mouth should be expelled through mouth itself and also that taken through nose. Smoke taken through the mouth should not be expelled through nostrils, the general smoking should be done through nose, the unctuous one through mouth and nose, the evacuative one through nose while the other two through mouth.
Dhumapana FOR Class PDF
Course: Bachelor of Ayurveda medicine and surgery (BAMS2013)
University: Kerala University of Health Sciences
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