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Counseling notes part seven

Course

Counselling (PC 223)

27 Documents
Students shared 27 documents in this course
Academic year: 2020/2021
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University of Kerala

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Advanced Skills in Counselling

  1. Advanced Empathy

‘Empathy’ was defined as the ability to tune in to the client’s feelings and to be able to see the client’s world as it truly seems to the client. At its primary level, an empathic response communicates an understanding of the client’s frame of reference and accurately identifies the client’s feelings. In contrast advanced empathy takes the client a step further into self-exploration by adding deeper feeling and meaning to client’s expression.

  1. Theme Identification
  • The advanced empathic response also helps the counselor to identify themes in the counseling session. Typically, client expresses a variety of concerns during the session. At the outset these concerns may seem unrelated. The counselor who listens carefully and with a trained ear can begin to hear the relationship among various incidents, situations, problems, and feelings.
  1. Self-Disclosure
  • The counselor may choose to reveal himself to the client to facilitate the client’s openness. It can also enable the counselor to identify client feeling at a deeper level than might otherwise be achieved. In this respect, self-disclosure can facilitate advanced empathetic response.
  1. Perception Check
  • Perception check is an interpretation of the others feelings stated in a tentative form. A perception check communicates to the client the counselor’s interest in understanding exactly what the client is experiencing, especially when the client may not be expressing feeling directly.
  1. Interpretation

Interpretive statements cover a broad range of counselor responses; their purpose is to add meaning to client’s attitudes, feelings and behavior. The two important interpretive techniques are ‘clarification and confrontation’,

a: The counselor’s response attempts to make a client’s verbalization clearer to both the counselor and the client. A clarification can focus on cognitive information, or it can seek to highlight client meanings that are not initially clear.

b: It requiring both a sense of timing and a sensitivity and awareness of client’s receptivity. When properly done, confrontation can help clients became more integrated and consistent in their behavior and in their relationships with others. A confrontive response should only be made in the context of trust and caring for the client and should not be used as a means of venting anger and

frustration. Confrontation help clients understand when they may be evading issues or ignoring feed back from others.

  1. Immediacy
  • The skill of immediacy involves counsellors’ being sensitively turned into their interactions with and reactions to clients as they occur. They can respond to these feelings about either the client or the relationship in the here and now. Immediacy is closely related to the skills of self-disclosure and confrontation, as well as to counsellor genuineness. Immediacy requires that counsellors should trust their gut level reactions and that they respect the client.
  1. Action Strategies

Since the purpose of all counselling is to facilitate a change in client, counsellors should be familiar with the basic principles underlying behaviour change. Many clients are able to act on the insights and new under-standings they gain through the therapeutic climate and through the various advanced skills employed by the counsellor. However, at times counsellors must facilitate the behaviour change process by implementing specific action strategies or programmes. The timing for implementation of these programmes will depend on the theoretical orientation of the counsellor and on the nature of the client’s concern.

  1. Behavioural techniques
  • Systematic Desensitization: ‘Desensitization’ is appropriate when the client has a high level of anxiety associated with problem behaviour. Examples of such problems would include anxiety about test taking, fear of heights and fear of speaking to groups, and so on. Counter conditioning coupled with muscle relaxation procedures are used to desensitize the client to anxiety- producing situations.

a) Behaviour Contracts: A behaviour contract is an agreement between two parties aimed at changing the behaviour of one of the persons involved. The agreement specifies the reinforcement contingent on reaching the goal. The behaviour’ contract obviously has many applications in facilitating client action and has been used with behaviours ranging from smoking and weight reduction to disruptive, behaviour and speech problems.

b) Social Modelling: When the present concern of the client involves a problematic relationship with another person, it is often useful for the client to practice new ways of relating to the other party with the counsellor. The client is given instructions regarding how to act so that the situation will resemble real life, and then the client and counsellor act out the situation. This gives the client the opportunity to get feedback from the counsellor regarding the effectiveness of the client’s behaviour.

Assertion Training: Used in conjunction with a therapeutic relationship, assertion training may supplement client growth and change when clients have difficulty saying no or expressing both their positive and negative feelings.

The broad goal of all counseling is one of change, whether in attitudes, values, beliefs, feelings or behavior. Since internal process and behavior walk hand-in-hand, many counselors feel it is appropriate to focus on both areas.

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Counseling notes part seven

Course: Counselling (PC 223)

27 Documents
Students shared 27 documents in this course

University: University of Kerala

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Advanced Skills in Counselling
1. Advanced Empathy
‘Empathy’ was defined as the ability to tune in to the client’s feelings and to be able to see the client’s
world as it truly seems to the client. At its primary level, an empathic response communicates an
understanding of the client’s frame of reference and accurately identifies the client’s feelings. In contrast
advanced empathy takes the client a step further into self-exploration by adding deeper feeling and
meaning to client’s expression.
2. Theme Identification
• The advanced empathic response also helps the counselor to identify themes in the counseling
session. Typically, client expresses a variety of concerns during the session. At the outset these concerns
may seem unrelated. The counselor who listens carefully and with a trained ear can begin to hear the
relationship among various incidents, situations, problems, and feelings.
3. Self-Disclosure
• The counselor may choose to reveal himself to the client to facilitate the client’s openness. It can also
enable the counselor to identify client feeling at a deeper level than might otherwise be achieved. In this
respect, self-disclosure can facilitate advanced empathetic response.
4. Perception Check
• Perception check is an interpretation of the others feelings stated in a tentative form. A perception
check communicates to the client the counselor’s interest in understanding exactly what the client is
experiencing, especially when the client may not be expressing feeling directly.
5. Interpretation
Interpretive statements cover a broad range of counselor responses; their purpose is to add meaning to
client’s attitudes, feelings and behavior. The two important interpretive techniques are ‘clarification and
confrontation’,
a.Clarification: The counselor’s response attempts to make a client’s verbalization clearer to both the
counselor and the client. A clarification can focus on cognitive information, or it can seek to highlight
client meanings that are not initially clear.
b.Confrontation: It requiring both a sense of timing and a sensitivity and awareness of client’s
receptivity. When properly done, confrontation can help clients became more integrated and consistent
in their behavior and in their relationships with others. A confrontive response should only be made in
the context of trust and caring for the client and should not be used as a means of venting anger and

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