Skip to document
Welcome to StudocuSign in to access the best study resources
Guest user
0followers
Upload
HomeMy LibraryAsk AI
  • You don't have any recent items yet.
My Library
  • You don't have any courses yet.
  • You don't have any books yet.
  • You don't have any Studylists yet.

Computer IN Medical Imaging

COMPUTER-IN-MEDICAL-IMAGING.
Course

Radiologic Technology

34 Documents
Students shared 34 documents in this course
Academic year: 2020/2021
Uploaded by:
Anonymous Student
This document has been uploaded by a student, just like you, who decided to remain anonymous.
Davao Doctors College

Comments

Please sign in or register to post comments.

Students also viewed

Related documents

Preview text

COMPUTER IN MEDICAL IMAGING

The Role of Computers in Medical Imaging Medical imaging is a vast field that deals with the techniques to create images of the human body for medical purposes. Most of the modern methods of scanning and imaging are largely based on the computer technology. HISTORY Technology around the globe The computer was born not for entertainment or email but out of a need to solve a serious number-crunching crisis. ABACUS Earliest calculating tool BLAISE PASCAL AND GOTTFRIED LEIBIZ Built mechanical calculators using pegged wheels that could perform basic arithmetic functions. CHARLES BABBAGE - 1942 Designed an analytical engine that performed general calculations automatically. HERMAN HOLLERITH (1890) Designed a tabulating machine to record census data JOHN ATANSOFF AND CLIFFORD BERRY (1939) Built the first electronic computer. DECEMBER 1943 The British built the first fully operational working computer called Colossus.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY (1944)

The first general purpose modern computer. ASCC (Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator) J. PRESPER ECKERT 7 JOHN MAUCHY ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and

Calculator.)

WILLIAM SHOCKLEY (1948)

Developed the transistor, a switch that alternately allows or does not allow electronic signals. Made the possibility of the development of stored program computer. ECKERT AND MAUCHLY Developed UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) The 1st commercially successful general purpose stored program electronic digital computer.

COMPUTER GENERATIONS Generally speaking, computers can be classified into three generations. Each generation lasted for a certain period of time, and each gave us either a new and improved computer or an improvement to the existing computer. 1 ST GENERATION (1938 -1958) - Used Vacuum tube devices 2 ND GENERATION (1958) - Based on individually packed transistors.

3 RD GENERATION (1964)

  • Used integrated circuits which consist of many transistors and other electronic elements fused into a chip. 4 TH GENERATION (1975)
  • Extension of the 3rd generation and incorporated large scale integration. 5 th GENERATION (1990s)
  • ULSA (Ultra large-scale integration)

COMPUTER LANGUAGE - Computer Language translate what the user input into a series of 1s and 0s - Different Number Systems COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE HARDWARE - Visible - Physical components - Usually categorized according to which operation it perform. SOFTWARE - Tells the hardware what to do and how to store data BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM - The number system starts with 0 to 1. - Converting Alphabetic characters, decimal values and logic function to binary values. Digital Image are made of discrete picture elements (pixel) arrange in a matrix The size of the image is described by the power of two equivalents

BIT

  • A single binary digit such as 0 or 1.
  • To encode is to translate ordinary characters to computer compatible character – binary digits BYTES
  • Bits that are grouped into bunches of eights
  • 1 kilobytes =1024 bits
  • In radiology departments have measured capacities measured in MB or GB WORD
  • a sequence of N bits where N = 16, 32, 64 depending on the computer

COMPUTER PROGRAMS - A sequence of instructions, stored in any medium, that can be interpreted and executed by a computer; -- called most frequently a program. APPLICATION PROGRAMS - Programs that are written in higher level language expressly to carry out some user function. - These are programs that are written by a software manufacturer or by the user themselves to guide the computer to perform a specific task. OPERATING SYSTEM - Series of instruction that organizes the course of data through the computer solution of a particular problem.

COMPONENTS OF THE COMPUTER

CPU (Central Processing Unit) - In a computer is the primary element that allows the computer to manipulate data and carry out software data. MEMORY - Distinguished from storage by its function - Memory is more active and Storage is more archival RAM (Random Access Memory) - Is a hardware device that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a computer Types of RAM DRAM - Dynamic Access Memory - More widely used - cheaper SRAM - Static Random Access Memory - Faster - Retains Memory even power is lost - More expensive - Requires more space and power ROM ( Read- Only Memory) - The memory from which we can only read but cannot write on it. - This type of memory is non-volatile

Variations of ROM PROM – A blank chip that a user can write programs to EPROM – Same as PROM but the contents can be erasable. EEPROM – Can be reprogrammed with the use of special electronic devices. STORAGE - It is an archival form of memory. - Bit – describes the smallest unit of measure, a binary digit 1 or 0. - Byte – bits that are combined into 8 groups, which represents one character, digit or other value. Secondary Storage - CD’s ( Compact Disc) - DVD’s ( Digital Versatile Disc) - Blu - ray Disc - Hard Disc - Flash Drives OUTPUT DEVICES - Consist of devices that translate computer information into a form that humans can understand**. MONITOR** - It is considered to be the most crucial output devices of a computer. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) Monitors LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) Monitors LED (Light Emitting Diode) Monitors OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) Monitors Plasma Monitors

PRINTER

  • It is an electronic external output devices of computer used to print digital information on paper as hard copy. PLAIN PAPER THERAL PAPER FILM PRINTER

UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply)

  • Provides a temporary source of replacement battery power if main power supply is lost.
  • They are connected in series between the socket and the workstation to allow enough time for the main power to be restored. COMMUNICATION
  • Describes the transfer of data from a sender to a received across a distance. The practice of teleradiography involves the transfer of medical image and patient data.
  • Electrocurrent, Radiofrequency or light INPUT DEVICES
  • It converts data in a form that the computer can use.
  • Mouse, keyboards, foot pedals, Dictation Microphones and Touch screen Monitors.

APPLICATION TO MEDICAL IMAGING

Computer in radiology departments are typically used to store, transmit and read imaging examination. They also play an important part in digital imaging and digital image is rectangular in format and made up of small squares called pixels. DICOM Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine PACS Picture Archiving and Communication System

IM four main components

People: - Not only have those involved in IM but also the creators and users of data and information - (Managers, leaders, users) Policies and processes: - The rules that determine who has access to what, steps for how to store and secure information and timeframes for archiving or deleting Technology: - The physical items (computers, filing cabinets, etc.) that store data and information, and any software used Data and information: - What the rest of the components use (As for healthcare, patient data, charts, census etc.)

Developments and future trends of IM Big data will continue to drive growth in, and changes to IM as the concept becomes more mainstream Example is the promise of AI (artificial intelligence) which has been floating around in decades. Advances in computing power and software have finally brought AI within reach In IM realm, AI can produce these possible impacts: - Analytics Augmentation (data preparation will be more automated) - Intelligent devices (driverless cars, auto- piloted drones, smart machines, robot radtechs) - Intelligent agents (cortana of windows, siri of apple, alexa of google) What are the benefits of information management? - Reduce costs, - Reduce uncertainty or risks; - Add value to existing products or services, - Create new value through new information-based products or services Laboratory, radiology reports will be sent in a software via mobile application. Advancement in technology with the use of IM will greatly help the population especially now with the pandemics, patients will not necessarily be in the hospital every time thus will produce contactless check ups and treatments.

Was this document helpful?

Computer IN Medical Imaging

Course: Radiologic Technology

34 Documents
Students shared 34 documents in this course

University: Davao Doctors College

Was this document helpful?
COMPUTER IN MEDICAL IMAGING
The Role of Computers in Medical Imaging
Medical imaging is a vast field that deals with the
techniques to create images of the human body
for medical purposes.
Most of the modern methods of scanning and
imaging are largely based on the computer
technology.
HISTORY
Technology around the globe
The computer was born not for entertainment or
email but out of a need to solve a serious
number-crunching crisis.
ABACUS
Earliest calculating tool
BLAISE PASCAL AND GOTTFRIED LEIBIZ
Built mechanical calculators using pegged
wheels that could perform basic arithmetic
functions.
CHARLES BABBAGE - 1942
Designed an analytical engine that performed
general calculations automatically.
HERMAN HOLLERITH (1890)
Designed a tabulating machine to record census
data
JOHN ATANSOFF AND CLIFFORD BERRY (1939)
Built the first electronic computer.
DECEMBER 1943
The British built the first fully operational
working computer called Colossus.
HARVARD UNIVERSITY (1944)
The first general purpose modern computer.
ASCC (Automatic Sequence Controlled
Calculator)
J. PRESPER ECKERT 7 JOHN MAUCHY
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and
Calculator.)
WILLIAM SHOCKLEY (1948)
Developed the transistor, a switch that
alternately allows or does not allow electronic
signals.
Made the possibility of the development of
stored program computer.
ECKERT AND MAUCHLY
Developed UNIVAC (Universal Automatic
Computer)
The 1st commercially successful general purpose
stored program electronic digital computer.
COMPUTER GENERATIONS
Generally speaking, computers can be classified
into three generations. Each generation lasted
for a certain period of time, and each gave us
either a new and improved computer or an
improvement to the existing computer.
1ST GENERATION (1938 -1958)
- Used Vacuum tube devices
2ND GENERATION (1958)
- Based on individually packed transistors.

Students also viewed

Related documents