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A Survey of Authors - Lecture Notes in Eng Ed 312
Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies (EngEd 312)
University of Southern Mindanao
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NOTES IN THE TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT OF LITERATURE STUDIES
A Survey of Authors
Filipino Authors
Francisco Arcellana Francisco Balagtas Lualhati Bautista Louis Bulaong Carlos Bulosan Cecilia Manguerra Brainard Linda Ty Casper Gilbert Luis R. Centina III Rin Chupeco Gilda Cordero-Fernando
Luis G. Dato Edmundo Farolán Zoilo Galang Guillermo Gómez Rivera N. V. M. Gonzalez Jessica Hagedorn Nick Joaquin F. Sionil José Resil Mojares Virginia R. Moreno
Peter Solis Nery José Rizal Alejandro R. Roces Shirley Siaton Michelle Cruz Skinner Miguel Syjuco Jason Tanamor Lysley Tenorio Edilberto K. Tiempo
- Francisco “Kiko” Balagtas(Baltasar/Baltazar) y de la Cruz (April 2, 1788 – February 20, 1862) at Barrio Panginay, Bigaa, Bulacan, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire, was a prominent Filipino poet during the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He got a Citizenship of Spanish (1812 Spanish Constitution granted Filipino natives Spanish citizenship).He is widely considered one of the greatest Filipino literary laureates for his impact on Filipino literature. The famous epic Florante at Laura is regarded as his defining work. His mentor was José de la Cruz, otherwise known as Huseng Sisiw. His works were: Florante at Laura or Pinagdaanang Buhay ni Florante at Laura sa Kaharian ng Albanya, an awit (metrical narrative poem with dodecasyllabic quatrains [ syllables per line, 4 lines per stanza]); Balagtas' masterpiece; La India elegante y el negrito amante – a short play in one part; and Orosman at Zafira – a comedia in three parts.
- José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda (June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino nationalist and polymath during the tail end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered the national hero of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain. He was the author of the novels Noli Me Tángere (1887) and El filibusterismo (1891) , etc.; several poems "A la juventud filipina" (To the Philippine Youth, 1879) and Mi Ultimo Adios (1896) - "Adiós, Patria Adorada" (literally "Farewell, Beloved Fatherland"), etc.; and essays "El amor patrio", 1882 essay and "Sobre la indolencia de los filipinos" (The Indolence of Filipinos), 1890, etc. Rizal wrote mostly in Spanish, the lingua franca of the Spanish East Indies, though some of his letters (for example Sa Mga
Kababaihang Taga Malolos) were written in Tagalog. As a political figure, José Rizal was the founder of La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that subsequently gave birth to the Katipunan led by Andrés Bonifacio, a secret society which would start the Philippine Revolution against Spain that eventually laid the foundation of the First Philippine Republic under Emilio Aguinaldo.
Zoilo Galang was a Filipino writer from Pampanga. He is credited as one of the pioneering Filipino writers who worked with the English language. He is the author of the first Philippine novel written in the English language, A Child of Sorrow, published in 1921. He became known for his publications written in English. He is known for being responsible for the first publication of several Philippine works in English: A Child of Sorrow (1921) – first Philippine novel in English; Tales of the Philippines (1921) – first volume of Philippine legends and folk tales written in English; Life and Success (1921) – first volume of Philippine essays in English; The Box of Ashes and Other Stories (1924) – first volume of Philippine short stories in English. His essays were also published in The Best Thing in the World and Master of Destiny (both published in 1924): He also worked to get 20 volumes of encyclopedia featuring Philippine-related subjects in
- The publication of such collection was hindered due to its manuscript being burned during World War II yet they were successfully able to publish the 3rd edition after the fires. Copies of the volumes are found throughout the world in major libraries to this day. He also worked as a writer of history publications for use of elementary students such as Leaders of the Philippines (1932), Important Characters in Philippine History (1939), Mario and Minda (1940), Hero of Tirad Pass and Others (1949), Mr. Perez, Teacher (1950) at Home, School and Community (1950).
Carlos Sampayan Bulosan was an English- language Filipino novelist and poet who immigrated to America on July 1, 1930. He never returned to the Philippines and he spent most of his life in the United States. His best-known work today is the semi- autobiographical America Is in the Heart, but he first gained fame for his 1943 essay on The Freedom from Want. He also wrote “The Laughter of My Father”.
Luis G. Dato. Born: 4 July 1906 and Died: January 29, 1985 (1926 – 1975), he was a Filipino poet, writer, educator and politician for a Period: 1926 – 1975. He was from Baao, Camarines Sur. He was one of the first Filipinos to write and publish works in English. Among his poems are "The Spouse", "Day on the Farm" and "Among the Hills". In 1927, his "Mi Ultimo Pensamiento" was the first good English translation, in rhymes, of José Rizal's "Mi último adiós". His Notable works: Manila A Collection of Verse, My Book of Verses, Land of Mai. Notable awards Outstanding Catholic Poet 1965, Lifetime Achievement Award in the Premio Tomas Arejola para sa Literaturang Bikolnon 2006.
Nicomedes "Nick" Marquez Joaquin was a Filipino writer and journalist best known for his short stories and novels in the English language. He also wrote
Award. Of Cocks and Kites earned him the reputation as the country's best writer of humorous stories. It also contained the widely anthologized piece “My Brother's Peculiar Chicken”.
Edilberto Kaindong Tiempo , also known as E. K. Tiempo, was a Filipino writer and professor. He and his wife, Edith L. Tiempo, are credited by Silliman University with establishing "a tradition in excellence in creative writing and the teaching of literacy craft which continues to this day" at that university. His novel, Cry Slaughter, published in 1957 was a revised version of his Watch in the Night novel published four years earlier in the Philippines. Cry Slaughter had four printings by Avon in New York, a hardbound edition in London, and six European translations.
Miguel Augusto Gabriel Jalbuena Syjuco (born November 17, 1976) is a Filipino writer from Manila and the grand prize winner of the 2008 Man Asian Literary Prize for his first novel Ilustrado. He is a Filipino writer from Manila and the grand prize winner of the 2008 Man Asian Literary Prize for his first novel Ilustrado. His debut novel Ilustrado won the Grand Prize for a Novel in English at the 2008 Palanca Awards, the Philippines' highest literary honor. In November of the same year, Syjuco was also awarded the 2008 Man Asian Literary Prize for Ilustrado (titled after the historical Ilustrado class during the Spanish colonial period). Ilustrado has been published in 16 languages. In late 2010, the novel was published in Spanish (Tusquets), Swedish (Natur & Kultur), and Dutch (Mouria). In 2011, it was published in Serbian (Geopoetika), French (Editions Christian Bourgois), Catalan (Tusquets), Italian (Fazi), Japanese (Hakusuisha), Czech (Jota), German (Klett- Cotta), and Brazilian Portuguese (Companhia das Letras). The novel is currently taught in university and high school literature classes in the Philippines. (September 6, 1916 – August 1, 2002). He was a Filipino writer, poet, essayist, critic, journalist and teacher actual writing, however, started when he became a member of The Torres Torch Organization during his high school years and continued at UP Diliman. Later he received a Rockefeller Grant and became a fellow in Creative Writing at the University of Iowa and at the Breadloaf Writers' Conference from 1956– 1957. Many of his works were translated into Tagalog, Malaysian, Russian, Italian, and German. Awards received include 2nd place in the 1951 Don Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature, with his short story, “The Flowers of May”. Fourteen of his short stories were also included in Jose Garcia Villa's Honor Roll from 1928 to 1939. His major achievements included the 1st award in art criticism from the Art Association of the Philippines in 1954, the Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan award from the city government of Manila in 1981, and the Gawad Pambansang Alagad ni Balagtas for English fiction from the Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipino (UMPIL) in 1988. The UP conferred upon Arcellana a doctorate in humane letters, honoris causa in 1989. Francisco Arcellana was
proclaimed National Artist of the Philippines in Literature on June 23, 1990 by then Philippine President Corazon C. Aquino. Some of his short stories are Frankie, The Man Who Would Be Poe, Death in a Factory, Lina, A Clown Remembers, Divided by Two, The Mats, and his poems being The Other Woman, This Being the Third Poem This Poem is for Mathilda, To Touch You and I
International Well-Known Authors
Homer ~850 BCE Scholars have debated whether Homer was one single author rather than a collection of oral stories but it is now thought that such an author existed. His defining works are The Iliad and The Odyssey. The adventures described in these two epic poems have shaped our thinking about the ancient Greeks Their religious and social structures – and have profoundly influenced subsequent writers, who have used his characters in multiple ways... All of us, whoever we may be, know something about the siege of Troy, the Trojan Wars, the kidnapping of Helen of Troy, the heroes, Achilles and Ajax, and the epic journey home of Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans). Many of the stories are with us all the time in the form of science fiction novels, stories, films and television series. Star Trek, with its characters who are able to become invisible, change human beings into animals and effect so many magical tricks use the stories.
Sophocles 496-406 BCE Sophocles, an ancient Greek dramatist, wrote plays that have stood as a model for tragic dramas, both by Greek and Roman writers and into the modern age, hugely influencing the playwrights of the golden age of Elizabethan drama in England, as well as modern dramatists. He dramatically changed the tragic form by adding a third actor, thereby eroding the role of the chorus in the presentation of the plot... Sophocles was one of the three great Greek tragedians. Of his eight plays (seven full, one fragmented) that remain today, his most famous is Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex), which is known for its impressive construction and use of dramatic devices. The philosophy of Sophocles is that the dead control and affect our life. - In Greek tragedy the natural forces are destructive. These forces might be nature, gods or fate. Man is helpless in facing these powers.
Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) 70 BCE – 19 BCE Virgil was a prolific Roman poet, best remembered for his epic, Aeneid. He Was to Rome what Homer was to Greece. The national epic of ancient Rome, Aeneid follows the fortunes of the Trojan refugee, Aeneas. It is the mythical story of the founding of Rome, a story that has given us our idea of that event and the history of Rome before the modern period. It has been, and is still, used by writers as the basis of Western history and values... He composed three of the most famous poems in Latin literature: the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the epic Aeneid. Virgil was regarded by the Romans as their greatest poet, an estimation that subsequent generations have
Italian and the English.
Francois Rabelais 1498- Francois Rabelais was a French monk and physician who wrote several volumes of a huge novel, The Life of Gargantua and Pantagruel , a story about a giant and his son. Satirical, amusing and over-the- top, it has influenced the style of writers like James Joyce, Lawrence Sterne and almost any writer who has attempted novels or plays containing the adventures of comical characters, including Shakespeare...
Cervantes (Miguel de Cervantes Cortinas) 1547- Miguel Cervantes, a contemporary of Shakespeare, actually dying the day before the Bard, is without doubt the most important writer in the history of the modern novel and, indeed, one of the most important in the history of literature. His novel, Don Quixote , was written at the beginning of the form’s development but has not been surpassed... His first significant novel, titled La Galatea, was published in 1585, but he continued to work as a purchasing agent, then later a government tax collector. Part One of Don Quixote was published in 1605, Part Two in 1615. Other works include the 12 Novelas ejemplares (Exemplary Novels); a long poem, the Viaje del Parnaso (Journey to Parnassus); and Ocho comedias y ocho entremeses (Eight Plays and Eight Entr'actes). Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda (The Travails of Persiles and Sigismunda), was published posthumously in 1616.
John Donne 1572- John Donne must be one of the most interesting writers who ever lived, both as a poet and a man. His life was a colourful adventure and his poems are significant feats of language.
John Milton 1608- English is often referred to as ‘the language of Shakespeare and Milton.’ Milton’s poetry has been seen as the most perfect poetic expression in the English language for four centuries. His most famous poem, the epic Paradise Lost is a high point of English epic poetry. Its story has entered into English and European culture to such an extent that the details of our ideas...
John Bunyan (1628-1688) John Bunyan was a Baptist preacher and writer. The book that has made him a candidate for the category of one of the most influential writers is The Pilgrim’s Progress , an allegory that has conditioned the way Christians think about their religious life. It is a novel – the most read novel of all time and the second most read book, the Bible being the most read. It has been translated into more languages than any other book, apart from the bible...
Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet) 1694- François-Marie Arouet (nicknamed ‘Voltaire,’) was a French philosopher, poet,
pamphleteer and fiction writer. Candide , a novel, is the work that has lasted best, still thriving in the modern world. It is widely taught in French schools and universities and French departments in universities worldwide... Voltaire’s Enlightenment Philosophy were: Liberty; Hedonism; Skepticism; Newtonian Empirical Science; and Toward Science without Metaphysics.
A Survey of Authors - Lecture Notes in Eng Ed 312
Course: Teaching and Assessment of Literature Studies (EngEd 312)
University: University of Southern Mindanao
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