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Chapter-12 - biology tb

biology tb
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International Finance (FIN305)

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National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences

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Campbell's Biology: Concepts and Connections, 7e (Reece et al.) Chapter 12 DNA Technology and Genomics

12 Multiple-Choice Questions

  1. Biotechnology A) is a modern scientific discipline that has existed for only a few decades. B) is strictly concerned with the manipulation of DNA. C) has been around since the dawn of civilization. D) is generally considered more harmful than valuable to society. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. When DNA from two sources is combined into one single piece of DNA, it is known as A) cloned DNA. B) recombinant DNA. C) a vector 載體 D) a plasmid. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. The production of multiple identical copies of gene-sized pieces of DNA defines A) gene cloning. B) plasmid transformation. C) clonal selection. D) tissue culturing. Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  4. In the process of human gene cloning using plasmids, the bacterial plasmid A) functions as a vector. B) is the source of the gene to be cloned. C) is cultured inside the human cell, which contains the gene to be cloned. D) is used to insert the human gene into the bacterial chromosome. Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  5. DNA ligase binds A) exons together. B) polymerase to the promotor. C) nucleotides together. D) an intron to an exon. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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  1. When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein, A) the plasmids are inserted into the bacterial chromosome. B) the plasmids multiply and produce the protein outside of the bacterium. C) the desired gene is inserted into the plasmid and the plasmid is returned to the bacterium by transformation. D) the bacterial genome and plasmid are inserted into the genome of the cell containing the desired gene (often the cell of a plant or animal). Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. ________ are a major source of restriction enzymes. A) Chief cells B) Parietal cells C) Archaea D) Bacteria Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. Restriction enzymes A) edit proteins. B) cut DNA at specific sites. C) stop transcription. D) bind together strands of DNA. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  4. Restriction enzymes specifically recognize and cut short sequences of DNA called A) promoter sequences. B) short terminal repeats. C) sticky ends. D) restriction sites. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  5. "Sticky ends" are A) produced by the action of DNA ligase. B) produced by PCR. C) always long sequences of a single nucleotide. D) DNA fragments with single-stranded ends. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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  1. The enzyme that converts information stored in their RNA to information stored in DNA is A) DNA ligase. B) reverse transcriptase. C) a restriction enzyme. D) RNA polymerase. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. A cDNA library differs from a genomic library in that A) the cDNA was constructed from introns only. B) genomic libraries are only stored in bacterial cells. C) cDNA libraries are more stable. D) cDNA libraries only contain information from genes that have been transcribed. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. An advantage of using reverse transcriptase to prepare a gene for cloning is that A) reverse transcriptase is more efficient than RNA polymerase. B) the resulting DNA strand will lack exons. C) reverse transcriptase is more efficient than DNA polymerase. D) the resulting DNA strand will lack introns. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  4. A nucleic acid probe is A) a virus that transfers DNA to a recipient cell. B) a piece of radioactively labeled DNA that is used to locate a specific gene. C) an enzyme that locates a specific restriction site on RNA. D) a plasmid that recognizes a specific DNA sequence. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  5. Which of the following statements about nucleic acid probes is false? A) A nucleic acid probe is a double-stranded section of DNA. B) A nucleic acid probe can be used to find a specific gene. C) A nucleic acid probe binds to a complementary sequence in the gene of interest. D) A nucleic acid probe is usually labeled with a radioactive isotope 放射性同位素 or fluorescent 螢光 tag to help identify its location. Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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  1. The type of recombinant bacteria most often used to mass-produce genes is A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. B) Agrobacterium tumefaciens. C) Escherichia coli. D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. The only recombinant cells that can correctly attach sugars to proteins to form glycoprotein products are A) yeast cells. B) E. coli cells. C) mammalian cells.

D) algal cells. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  1. The advantage of being able to clone the gene for human insulin is that A) there are too few cows, pigs, and horses to provide an adequate supply of their insulin. B) human insulin is less likely to cause harmful side effects than cow, pig, or horse insulin. C) cow, pig, or horse insulin cannot keep a diabetic alive for more than three months. D) using human insulin increases the probability that, in the future, the person suffering from diabetes can be weaned from a dependence on insulin. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. A vaccine works by A) inhibiting bacterial replication. B) stimulating the immune system. C) inhibiting viral replication. D) preventing the translation of mRNA. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. Which of the following statements about DNA technology is false? A) DNA technology is now used to mass-produce human insulin. B) DNA technology is now used to mass-produce human growth hormone. C) DNA technology is now used to create cells that can identify and kill cancer cells. D) DNA technology is now used to produce vaccines that are harmless mutants of a pathogen. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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  1. Genetically modifying ________ cells may directly affect future generations. A) basal B) somatic C) germ D) T Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. What is the preferred name of the technique used to determine if DNA comes from a particular individual? A) DNA fingerprinting B) DNA scrutiny C) DNA profiling D) DNA outline Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. If you commit a crime, you need to make sure that you do not leave even the smallest speck of blood, hair, or other organic matter from your body. If you do, the DNA in this material can be amplified by ________, subjected to genetic analysis, and used to identify you as the perpetrator of the crime. A) PCR B) blotting C) RFLP D) reverse transcriptase Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Application/Analysis

  4. The polymerase chain reaction relies upon unusual, heat-resistant ________ that were isolated from bacteria living in hot springs. A) DNA polymerase molecules B) phages C) restriction enzymes D) plasmids Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  5. Gel electrophoresis sorts DNA molecules on the basis of their A) nucleotide sequence. B) ability to bind to mRNA. C) solubility in the gel. D) size. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  6. During the process of electrophoresis, the ________ functions like a molecular sieve, separating the

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samples according to their size. A) sample mixture B) positively charged electrode C) negatively charged electrode D) gel Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Application/Analysis

  1. Which of the following statements regarding repetitive DNA is false? A) Repetitive DNA is usually found between genes. B) Repetitive DNA is identical in all humans. C) Repetitive DNA is usually repeated multiple times in the genome. D) Repetitive DNA can show great variation among individuals. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. What is the current standard tool used for DNA profiling by forensic scientists? A) STR analysis B) PCR C) Gel electrophoresis D) DNA microarrays Answer: A Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. What is the smallest number of cells needed to perform a successful DNA profile? A) 1 B) 20 C) 200 D) 1, Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  4. Which of the following pieces of evidence would be considered the best for establishing biological relatedness? A) birth certificates B) pictures from family reunions C) testimony from relatives D) a very close match in the DNA profile Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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  1. Segments 分割 of eukaryotic DNA that can move or be copied from one site to another in the genome are called A) exons. B) plasmids. C) transposable elements. D) vectors. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

47 ) Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false? A) Long stretches of repetitive DNA are prominent at centromeres and ends of chromosomes. B) Scientists think that the typical human gene specifies just one polypeptide. C) Current estimates are that there are 20,000 genes in the human genome. D) Telomeres seem to have a structural function. Answer: B Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  1. Why is the whole-genome shotgun method currently the tool of choice for analyzing genomes? A) It is extremely accurate. B) Multiple genomes can be analyzed simultaneously. C) It is fast and inexpensive. D) It is very labor-intense. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. Which of the following statements regarding proteomics is correct? A) Proteomics is the study of protein interaction within a cell. B) Proteomics involves the complete analysis of the prokaryotes. C) Proteomics is the systematic study of the full set of proteins encoded by a genome. D) Proteomics and genomics allow scientists to study life in an ever-increasing reductive approach. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  3. The number of proteins in humans A) is approximately equal to the number of genes. B) cannot be determined because the human genome is too complex. C) is less than half the number of genes. D) is much greater than the number of genes. Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

10

  1. Genome sequence analysis suggests that Neanderthals A) frequently interbred with humans. B) are more closely related to chimpanzees than humans. C) at least sometimes had pale skin and red hair. D) could not speak. Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

  2. Approximately what percentage of the human genome is identical to that of a chimpanzee? A) 50% B) 62% C) 92% D) 98% Answer: D Topic: 12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

11

  1. Which step in the creation of cDNA involves the use of reverse transcriptase?

A) step 1 B) step 2 C) step 3 D) step 4 Answer: C Topic: 12. Skill: Application/Analysis

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12 Scenario Questions

After reading the paragraph, answer the question(s) that follow.

Four decades after the end of the Vietnam War, the remains of an Air Force pilot were discovered and returned to the United States. A search of Air Force records identified three families to which the remains might possibly belong. Each family had a surviving twin of a missing service member. The following STR profiles were obtained from the remains of the pilot and the surviving twins from the three families.

  1. In order to match the pilot's remains to the correct family using DNA profiling, A) the majority of the STR bands must match. B) each of the 13 STR bands must match. C) the bands for site 13 must match. D) bands 5 and 7 must match. Answer: B Topic: 12-12. Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

14

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Chapter-12 - biology tb

Course: International Finance (FIN305)

11 Documents
Students shared 11 documents in this course

University: National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences

Was this document helpful?
Campbell's Biology: Concepts and Connections, 7e (Reece et al.)
Chapter 12 DNA Technology and Genomics
12.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Biotechnology
A) is a modern scientific discipline that has existed for only a few decades.
B) is strictly concerned with the manipulation of DNA.
C) has been around since the dawn of civilization.
D) is generally considered more harmful than valuable to society.
Answer: C
Topic: 12.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) When DNA from two sources is combined into one single piece of DNA, it is known as
A) cloned DNA.
B) recombinant DNA.
C) a vector 載體
D) a plasmid.
Answer: B
Topic: 12.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The production of multiple identical copies of gene-sized pieces of DNA defines
A) gene cloning.
B) plasmid transformation.
C) clonal selection.
D) tissue culturing.
Answer: A
Topic: 12.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) In the process of human gene cloning using plasmids, the bacterial plasmid
A) functions as a vector.
B) is the source of the gene to be cloned.
C) is cultured inside the human cell, which contains the gene to be cloned.
D) is used to insert the human gene into the bacterial chromosome.
Answer: A
Topic: 12.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
5) DNA ligase binds
A) exons together.
B) polymerase to the promotor.
C) nucleotides together.
D) an intron to an exon.
Answer: C
Topic: 12.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

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