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Final TEST R&L A1281 - for your essay
Chủ nghĩa xã hội khoa học (DC142DV01)
Đại học Hoa Sen
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Ielts FighterPreview text
IELTS A - FINAL TEST
LISTENING
Listening Part 1
Questions 1-
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.
New Apartment
Example Answer Landlady’s Name: Mary Jones General ● partly furnished ● no 1 .................... are allowed
Kitchen ● nice and big ● here is a new 2 ....................
Lounge ● some 3 .................... will be built soon
Bedroom ● Good clothes storage ● Need to bring a 4 ....................
Bathroom ● Only a shower ● The water is heated by 5 ....................
Questions 6-
Complete the form below.
Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Tenancy Form
Tenant details ● Full name: Andrew 6 .................... ● Best contact: 7 andrew171@ ..................... .com ● Driver’s license: 8 ....................
Tenancy details ● Moving-in date: 9 .................... ● Rent per week: $ ● Bond paid: 10 $....................
Listening Part 2
Questions 11-
Choose the correct letter, A, B, or C
11 What is new about the Writer’s Festival this year? A more international guests B extra time for questions C additional locations for events 12 Tickets for the Wearable Art even A are selling out quickly B have been reduced in price
20 Ignite Dance Finals ............
Listening Part 3
Questions 21-
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What TWO problems do the students identify with ‘learning videos’?
A Babies lose interest too quickly. B Babies need to explore things. C Babies want to be with other babies. D Babies’ eyes may be damaged. E Babies should have contact with adults.
Questions 23-
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
When discussing the ‘present research’, Maia is surprised that
A ordinary people have altered their habits. B the findings are very detailed. C most babies behave the same way. D boys and girls like different toys. E the methodology has been criticised.
Questions 25-
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
What impresses the students about the bilingual experiment in Spain?
A the long-term effects of the lessons B the large number of research subjects C the fact that the children enjoyed themselves
D the fact that teachers had the same training E the response of schools to the findings
Listening Part 4
Questions 31-
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer
The Engineer Sarah Guppy, 1770-
Background
● women were active in many areas of 19th-century British society, e. Jane Harrison was the first female 31 .............................. ● by the end of the century there were 140 female dentists and 212 32 ..........................., as well as many musicians and actors
Sarah Guppy
● was born in Birmingham and moved to Bristol with her husband ● designed bridges that could survive 33 .............................. ● built 34 .............................. of the Clifton Suspension Bridge ● was a significant 35 .............................. in the Clifton Suspension Bridge together with her husband ● designed a ‘barnacle buster’ that allowed 36 .............................. to go faster ● helped stop 37 .............................. near railway lines ● built an amusing machine for making different parts of 38 .............................. at the same time ● designed an early type of 39 .............................. equipment
Conclusions
● other women worked as engineers, e. Ada Lovelace and Hertha Marks Ayrton ● it was not until 1906 that a woman 40 .............................. in engineering
READING
READING PASSAGE 1
New Zealand's early crafts and traditions
The first groups of people to discover New Zealand come from Polynesia. Exactly when these explorers arrived has often been a matter of debate, but today the general understanding is that it was during the 13th century that their canoes eventually landed on New Zealand's shores. In some ways the new country must have seemed like an ideal place to settle: the land was fertile, and thick forests provided firewood, shelter and building materials. Still, life would have been challenging for the different Polynesian tribes, who had to adapt to a new environment. The tribes only began to refer themselves as Maori, meaning 'ordinary people', when Europeans in search of new opportunities began arriving in the 18th century. To the Maori, of course, the European settlers and sailors were not 'ordinary', but very strange.
It was not only a knowledge of canoe-building and navigation that the Polynesians brought to New Zealand. They were also skilled craftsmen. There is archaeological evidence that the tools they produced were of high quality and would have enabled tribes to plant and harvest crops. Craftsmen were also occupied with making weapons such as knives and axes, which were used for both construction and fighting. Interestingly, some crafts that had once been popular in Polynesian islands were no longer done in New Zealand, although researchers are unsure why. Pottery is an example of this, despite that fact the clay needed to make pots and bowls could easily be found in the country.
The Maori word whakairo can be translated as 'decorative work' — this can refer to bone, wood and greenstone carving. Although Maori carvers were influenced by their Polynesian heritage, they developed their own style, including the curved patterns and spirals inspired by New Zealand plants. The same term can also apply to weaving; the crafting Of, for example, woven baskets and mats all required knowledge and skill. Carving greenstone, or pounamu as it is called in Maori, was a long process, requiring great patience. Further, because of this
Questions 1-
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE If the statement agrees with the information
FALSE If the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN If there is no information on this
1 It is now widely thought that humans reached New Zealand in the 13th century. 2 The first Europeans to come to New Zealand were keen to trade with Maori. 3 Members of Maori tribes were responsible for either tool- or weapon-making. 4 A craft that the Maori once practiced in New Zealand was making pottery. 5 Weaving baskets and mats was seen as a form of decorative. 6 It used to be common for everyone in a Maori tribe to wear greenstone jewellery.
Questions 7-
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.
Maori cloaks
flax cloaks warrior cloaks methods of construction
Maori made flax cloaks by − weaving leaves and fibres − sometimes adding 7 ....................... to the better cloaks
Weavers had to use 11 .................... to make cabbage tree fibres less stiff
appearance Flax cloaks were Mud containing 12 .........
− rectangular in shape − designed without a 8 ........................... − tied at either the wearer's neck or their 9 ..................
was used to make the cloaks look black
good/bad points Flax cloaks offered no 10 ................... during winter.
13 .................. could not easily go through the cloaks tough fibres
READING PASSAGE 2
Sleep should be prescribed:
What those late nights out could be costing you
Leading neuroscientist Matthew Walker on why sleep deprivation is increasing our risk of cancer, heart attack and Alzheimer's - and what you can do about it
A Matthew Walker dreads the question 'What do you do?' On aeroplane it usually means that while everyone else watches movies, he will find himself giving a talk for the benefit of passengers and crew alike. To be specific, Walker is the director of the Center for Human Sleep Science at the University of California. No wonder people long for his advice. As the line between work and leisure grows more blurred, rare is the person who doesn't worry about their sleep. Indeed, it’s Walker's conviction that we are in the midst of a 'catastrophic sleep-loss epidemic'. He has now written Why We Sleep, the idea being that once people know of the powerful links between sleep loss and poor health, they will try harder to get the recommended eight hours a night. Sleep deprivation constitutes anything less than seven. 'No one is doing anything about it but things have to change. But when did you ever see a National Health Service poster urging sleep on people? When did a doctor prescribe, not sleeping pills, but sleep itself? It needs to be prioritized.
E Sleep research shows that we sleep in 90-minute cycles, and it's only towards the end of each that we go into deep sleep. Each cycle comprises of NREM sleep (non-rapid eye movement sleep), followed by REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. 'During NREM sleep ... your body settles into this lovely low state of energy,’ Walker explains. 'REM sleep, on the other hand is ... an incredibly active brain state. Your heart and nervous system go through spurts of activity.’ Because we need four or five of these cycles to stay healthy, it’s important for people to break bad sleep habits. For example, they should not be regularly working late into the night as this affects cognitive functioning. Depending on sleep pills is also not a good idea, as it can have a damaging effect on memory.
F So what can individuals do to ensure they get the right amount of sleep? Firstly, we could think about getting ready for sleep in the same way we prepare for the end of a workout - say, on a spin bike. 'People use alarms to wake up,’ Walker says. 'So why don't we have a bedtime alarm to tell us we’ve got half an hour, that we should start cycling down?' Companies should think about rewarding sleep. Productivity will rise and motivation will be improved. We can also systematically measure our sleep by using personal tracking devices, Walker says, and points out that some far-sighted companies in the US already give employees time off if they get enough of it. While some researchers recommend banning digital devices from the bedroom because of their effect on the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, Walker believes that technology will eventually be an aid to sleep, as it helps us discover more about the way we function.
Questions 14-
Reading Passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
14 a comparison between two different types of sleep that people experience
15 an explanation for some people not wanting to admit the amount of sleep they require
16 examples of different behaviours that have a negative impact on mental performance
17 a suggestion that medical professionals are not taking the right approach
18 a reference to changing trends in the average amount of sleep people get
Questions 19-
Complete the sentences below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet.
19 Over 20 studies have shown a person’s ...................... up when they are sleep deprived.
20 Insufficient sleep is one of the three factors which explain the ...........................
21 People who are given the ........................... by doctors find it more effective if they sleep properly.
22 Walker has described how a lack of deep sleep is linked to ........................ in young children.
Questions 23 and 24
Choose TWO letters, A-E.
Write the correct letters in boxes 23 and 24 on your answer sheet.
The list below mentions some things that individuals can do to ensure they get the right amount of sleep.
READING PASSAGE 3
The future of cities
Professor of Urban Planning Sarah Holmes looks at the challenges of urban living
The World Health Organisation has produced a report predicting that 9 billion of us will be living on this planet by 2050. Of that number, 72% will be living in urban areas - a higher proportion than ever before. Presented with this information, governments have a duty to consider how best to meet the needs of city residents, and not just for the short-term. Certain problems associated with urban living have been highlighted by research company Richmond- Carver in its latest global survey. At the top of the list survey respondents’ concerns is the fact that competition amongst tenants for rental properties has driven the median price up - so much so people need to hold down two or more jobs to meet all their expenses. Another issue the survey highlighted is the difficulty commuters face. Overcrowding means that seats are often not available on long journeys, but more significant is that schedules are unreliable. Many studies have shown the effect that has on a country’s productivity. Interestingly, certain problems seem more common in some cities than others: respondents from increasingly crowded European cities, including Manchester and Barcelona, commented on how their quality of life was affected by loud machinery, other people’s music and car alarms. Something the survey failed to ask about was the value people placed on having access to nature in urban neighborhoods. However, some countries are already moving forward. Singapore is a prime example; its rooftop gardens make the city a far more desirable place to live. It is the Singaporean government that is behind this push for sustainable living.
Perhaps some clearer government direction would benefit other cities. Take New York City, a place where I frequently meet up with other researchers in my field. Luckily for me, I am driven from the airport to the research centre, so do not need to navigate the freeways and constant congestion. Admittedly my experience of the urban lifestyle here is limited to the hotels I stay in, and the blocks within a three-kilometre walk. But whenever I leave my room in search of an outlet providing fruit or anything with nutritional value, none can be found. It seems ridiculous
that this should be the case. New York has made great advances in redeveloping its museums and arts centres, but authorities must recognize that people’s basic needs must be met first.
Sometimes these basic needs are misunderstood. In some urban areas, new residential developments are provided with security features such as massive metal fences and multiple gates in the belief that these will make residents safer. There is little evidence such steps make a difference in this way, but we don’t know they make residents feel reluctant to go outside and walk around their neighbourhood. Instead they are more likely to remain inactive indoors. Grassyareas inside fences developments are hardly used by householders and tenants either. All this adds up to a feeling of being cut off from others.
So where are planners and developers going wrong? Inviting a group of locals to attend a consultation event is the conventional method for discovering what a community might want. The issue here is that it often attracts the same few voices with the same few wishes. But the internet now makes it possible for others to contribute. A community website can be a place where local people propose ideas for making their neighbourhood a better place to live. Developers that pay attention to these ideas can get a clearer picture of the things residents actually want and reduce the risk of throwing away money on things they don't.
An example of a project that truly meets the needs of residents is Container City - a development in London’s Docklands area. Constructed from metal containers once used to transport cargo on ships, it is a five-storey architectural masterpiece. The containers have been turned into sunny work studios, and despite their limited size, some come with a bed, shower and kitchen unit. Smart planning and skillful construction mean they take up very little room. Furniture and fittings are made from recycled products. Other countries have their own versions Container City - Amsterdam and Copenhagen have created container dormitories to house students - but the Docklands site shows how work and living areas can effectively be combined. The units are ideal for young entrepreneurs hoping to establish a business while keeping costs down. Successful development is taking place in many urban areas around the world, and city planners have a duty to see for themselves the transforming effect this can have on residents’ lives. There is no better way to do this than to visit these places in person. These
A noise pollution B recycling facilities C green areas D employment opportunities E population growth F affordable housing G antisocial behavior H public transport
Questions 32-
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 32-35 on your answer sheet.
32 When staying in New York, the writer is frustrated by the fact that A healthy food cannot easily be obtained. B bad road design causes daily traffic problems. C certain venues cannot be reached by foot. D visitors are all directed to the same kinds of place. 33 What point does the writer make about the use of security features? A It greatly reduces levels of criminal activity. B It helps create a sense of community. C It discourages people from taking exercises. D It creates unnecessary fear among residents. 34 According to the writer,` the problem with some planners and developers is that they A distrust the use of certain technologies for communication. B create buildings using traditional construction methods C tend to put profits before the needs of residents. D rely on the opinions of a narrow range of people. 35 What is the writer doing in the fifth paragraph? A explaining which construction materials are most sustainable B emphasising the importance of clever design in small spaces C comparing reasons for choosing to live in an unusual building D proposing which specific urban locations should be developed
Questions 36-
Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-F, below.
Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.
YES If the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
NO If the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN If it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
36 City planners should travel to urban areas that are good models of development. 37 It is easier to plan an entirely new neighbourhood than redevelop an existing one. 38 In the future, planners must think about the needs of car drivers as they design urban areas. 39 Cultural venues need to take second place to retail opportunities when developing a neighbourhood. 40 It is important that new housing developments encourage social diversity.
Final TEST R&L A1281 - for your essay
Course: Chủ nghĩa xã hội khoa học (DC142DV01)
University: Đại học Hoa Sen
